8 Aug 26 Morning (Day 4)
📖 Reading time: 71 minutes
📊 Word count: 14,150 words
(The meeting began at 9.30 a.m.)
Yang Mulia Jurutulis​
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. The Second Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council convenes on its fourth day today, Saturday, 24 Safar 1448 corresponding to 8 August 2026 and is preceded by the recital of Doa Selamat.
DOA SELAMAT​
(Doa selamat was recited by Yang Mulia Begawan Mudim Awang Haji Mat Salleh bin Haji Damit)
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh. Alhamdulillah, we are grateful to Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala because by His bounty, mercy and permission alone, we are able to be present this morning for the fourth day of the Second Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council.
Blessings and peace be upon our Great Leader Sayyidina Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wassalam, his family, his companions and his followers who are obedient and faithful until the end of time.
Your Honourable Members. We will begin today with the next order of business.
Yang Mulia Jurutulis​
Time for Oral Answers to Questions.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Your Honourable Members. I will now open the floor for question time. I begin with the first question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Md. Salleh bin Haji Othman addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola seeks permission to combine the answers for questions PL309 number 1, PL244 number 2 and PL247 number 5, namely questions from the Order Paper, since the issues raised are interrelated. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. First of all, kaola would like to express thousands of thanks to Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Md. Salleh bin Haji Othman and Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Mohamad Danial @ Tekpin bin Ya'akub for the questions raised. Kaola is pleased to share that based on the 2025 Employer-Employee Census, a total of 148,129 people were employed in the private sector consisting of 66,116 local workers or 45 per cent and 82,013 foreign workers, namely 55 per cent.
The five sectors recording the highest dependence on foreign workers are the construction sector at 82 per cent, 21,611 foreign workers compared with 18 per cent, 4,714 local workers. This is followed by the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector at 75 per cent, namely 3,888 foreign workers compared with 25 per cent, 1,263 local workers.
The other service activities sector, at 69 per cent, 2,877 foreign workers compared with 31 per cent, 1,221 local workers. The accommodation and food service activities sector at 67 per cent, namely 13,938 foreign workers, compared with 33 per cent, namely 6,993 local workers. The manufacturing sector at 63 per cent, namely 8,272 foreign workers, compared with 37 per cent, namely 4,962 local workers.
The analysis shows that, 22 per cent, namely 4,224 people out of the total 19,183 local workers hold positions at the management level as company directors, managing director and general manager. Meanwhile, 38 per cent, namely 19,051 people out of 50,586 foreign workers are concentrated in labour-level jobs.
Therefore, although there is still room to increase local workforce participation, the approach taken cannot be based solely on direct replacement of foreign workers, instead it must take into account the readiness of the local workforce, suitability, skills as well as efforts to improve the quality of jobs offered. Towards that end, the government focuses on three main strategies: First, the strategy of prioritising the recruitment of locals through scrutiny of applications, clearance letter and job matching services by the Brunei Job Centre;
Second, the strategy of developing a workforce that meets industry needs. Since its implementation in 2017 until 30 June 2026, the Manpower Planning and Employment Council has introduced 17 Manpower Development Programmes in fields such as HSSE, accounting, human resources and Allied Health.
These programmes have been participated in by 16,158 locals consisting of 15,230 jobseekers and 928 who are already employed. Alhamdulillah, out of the total 15,230 local jobseekers, 13,839 people have completed the said programmes. Meanwhile, the remaining 1,391 people are still actively undergoing the programmes being conducted.
Out of the total 13,839 people who completed the said programmes, 8,290 people or 60 per cent have obtained employment, a further 317 people or 2 per cent are pursuing higher education, 2,884 people or 21 per cent are still actively seeking employment through the Brunei Job Centre portal and the remaining 2,348 people or 17 per cent do not have current employment records in the Employees Trust Fund, current job search records at the Brunei Job Centre, nor current admission or enrolment in local Higher Education Institutions, overseas scholarship funding or the Education Loan Assistance Scheme under the Ministry of Education;
Third, the strategy of providing a minimum wage policy in the private sector. The government has implemented the Employment Order, namely minimum wages in stages as a measure to prevent workers in certain sectors from being paid wages that are too low. The implementation of this policy will be reviewed from time to time to ensure the implementation of the next phase, taking into account the lessons and experience from phase one and phase two, and strengthened so that its implementation is more effective and in line with the intended impact.
Overall, the government's strategy is to give more strategic priority to the local workforce while ensuring that industry manpower needs continue to be met and national productivity is not affected. Success is not measured only based on the percentage of local workers, but also through increases in job placement and retention rates, skill levels, productivity, income as well as the number of locals who successfully build sustainable careers in the country's key sectors. Insya Allah, the effectiveness of the said strategies will be reviewed from time to time.
That is all that kaola can convey in answer to the questions from the Yang Berhormat concerned. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The third question is from Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama​
Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. (prayer recited).
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, kaola expresses thanks for the opportunity given to answer questions in this morning's session.
Kaola seeks the permission of Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for kaola to combine question number 3 PL171 and also PL207 number 4, because the questions submitted relate to halal certification, halal compliance and efforts to strengthen a culture of compliance among operators. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Kaola expresses thanks to Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin and Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin for the questions submitted.
Regarding the question on the ministry's efforts to address the continuously increasing demand for halal certification, the ministry is aware of this continuously increasing number of applications.
For the period from January to July 2026 alone, the Halal Food Control Division, Department of Syariah Affairs received 1,004 applications for halal certificates for restaurants and permits for product factories. Of this total, 614 applications have been approved, 122 are being processed, 150 are awaiting decisions from the Majlis Ugama Islam Brunei, 23 were exempted and 55 could not be approved because the stipulated requirements had not yet been fulfilled.
To address this increase in applications, the ministry is streamlining document review, inspection and monitoring as well as the provision of guidance regarding materials and ingredients that have been verified halal and indeed, the list of ingredients can be accessed on the ministry's website to facilitate reference.
In addition, pre-application guidance is also being strengthened so that operators submit complete documents and meet the requirements from the outset. This step, alhamdulillah, helps reduce avoidable delays in the consideration process.
Related to that as well, the Department of Syariah Affairs signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University, UNISSA through the Halalan Thayyiban Research Centre on 2 February 2023. Through the Projek Rakan Penyelia Halal initiated by the Department of Syariah Affairs, 30 UNISSA students underwent industrial training at local slaughtering centres, food processing factories and halal-certified restaurants. They are utilised to assist in guidance and monitoring of compliance with halal certification requirements at the specified premises.
In fact, these UNISSA graduates and even individuals with related expertise can play a role in providing advisory services, guidance and training to operators, subject to the stipulated qualifications, competencies and scope of duties. This role is at the application preparation stage and does not take over the regulatory function.
This is because premises inspections, supervision of the slaughtering process, for example, in the field of slaughtering or enforcement, continue to be carried out by the designated authorities. The final decision regarding halal certificates and halal permits remains with the Majlis Ugama Islam Brunei according to the laws in force.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Regarding awareness programmes to build a culture of self-compliance among food and beverage operators, including non-Muslims, under the 2025-2029 Strategic Plan of the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the ministry implements several main programmes, namely:
First, the Halal Supervision Strengthening Programme for halal supervisors;
Second, the Halal Compliance Workshop for restaurant operators and food processing factories including for Muslim and non-Muslim owners, namely both; and
Third, the Halal Awareness Enhancement Programme for the public.
In 2025, that is last year, a total of 2,194 participants attended those programmes. Meanwhile, from January 2026 until 30 July 2026, 1,487 have joined those programmes and insya Allah, the participation target until December 2026 is 2,974 participants, insya Allah, where an increase of around 36 per cent is expected.
The ministry is of the view that a culture of self-compliance can be strengthened through a continuous approach of education, awareness and understanding. In that regard, the Halal Compliance Workshop will continue to be expanded in cooperation with UNISSA to improve operators' readiness in meeting halal certification requirements.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Regarding the evaluation mechanism, in order to effectively reduce cases of non-compliance, the ministry in fact assesses implementation and the level of compliance through several indicators. The two groups of indicators currently used are:
First, prevention indicators which include the rate of monitoring coverage and participation in awareness programmes and training; and
Second, enforcement indicators which include the number of notices and compliance directives issued and the total number of cases convicted in court.
In the period from 2018 until July 2026, a total of eight serious non-compliance cases, the term is serious, have been convicted in court. Meanwhile, the majority of cases are in fact not brought to court, because they are at the level of notices and compliance directives without needing to be brought to court.
For example, throughout 2025, a total of 720 warning notices and compliance directives were issued and 716 of them were complied with without requiring further action in court. Meanwhile, for 2026 this year, up to July, out of 510 notices issued, 509 have been complied with by operators without requiring further court action.
It should be noted, most cases for which notices are issued are minor cases, namely failure to notify additions of ingredients or menus.
Only offences brought before the court for action are serious offences involving, for example, the use of sources or contents of pork or alcohol or meat of doubtful halal status.
That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Md. Yusof addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and greetings.
Kaola records appreciation to Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Md. Yusof for the question that has been raised. As kaola presented in the debate on the Motion Supporting Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 on 3 August, the government indeed recognises that poverty is a multidimensional challenge that cannot be addressed by one ministry or agency alone. Its causes are not only related to income, but are also influenced by employment, education, health, housing, transport, family institutions and social support.
Therefore, efforts to address poverty require a whole of government and whole of nation approach so that policies and action plans and interventions are implemented in an integrated and complementary manner.
In this regard, the social policies and manpower cluster has been formulated based on two main objectives, namely reducing social vulnerability as well as strengthening self-sufficiency and social mobility and increasing labour force participation, employability and national productivity.
Several coordination sessions have also been held between the relevant ministries to identify cross-agency issues, implementation gaps and areas for improvement in addressing poverty and social vulnerability.
From the policy alignment aspect, the Social Blueprint serves as a strategic framework that unites various social policies, action plans and initiatives towards three main focuses, namely the basic needs of the people and residents are fulfilled; assurance of well-being and safety; and a resilient society.
In that connection, the action plans of ministries and agencies, including the poverty eradication action plan, are aligned so as to optimise the use of resources, avoid duplication and contribute to the same outcome.
Majlis Kebangsaan Isu Sosial and Jawatankuasa Khas Isu Kemiskinan, meanwhile, function as platforms for coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of interventions at the national level.
From the aspect of welfare mapping, the National Welfare System functions as a centralised platform for the management of applications and welfare aid recipients used by the Department of Community Development, the Department of Zakat, Waqaf and Baitulmal Affairs, the Ministry of Education as well as Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah.
The data collected through this system will be analysed to produce a picture of the socioeconomic profile of recipients, patterns of needs, coverage of assistance and intervention gaps. The analysis helps ministries and agencies identify overlapping assistance, plan more targeted interventions and connect recipients to welfare assistance, employment, skills training and economic empowerment programmes.
At the same time, penghulu mukim and village heads continue to be empowered as the front line in identifying those in need, verifying the actual condition of households and facilitating the channelling of assistance.
Verification of applications is carried out through verification forms supported by information from the National Welfare System. This role is further strengthened through the Program Merakit Masyarakat and the National Welfare System Course to increase the understanding, skills and efficiency of penghulu mukim and village heads in managing welfare issues and aid applications digitally.
To improve delivery efficiency, several improvements are being implemented to the National Welfare System including digitisation of workflow, verification by penghulu mukim and village heads, preliminary eligibility screening, access to clearer aid information, automatic notifications through improvements to records and application management. The use of Artificial Intelligence is also now being explored to assist data analysis and report preparation more quickly and effectively, subject to governance and data protection requirements.
These overall reforms emphasise the shift from an approach of merely providing financial assistance to a more targeted and transformative empowerment approach. The government's goal is not only to avoid duplication of programmes and assistance but to ensure that every ministry and agency carries out its respective mandate in a complementary, focused and outcome-oriented manner. Insya Allah, this approach will help ensure that the basic needs of the people are fulfilled, well-being and safety continue to be guaranteed and a more resilient society can be developed in line with the vision aspirations outlined in the Social Blueprint and Wawasan Brunei 2035.
That is all that kaola can convey in answering the question from the Yang Berhormat concerned. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Awang Mohammad bin Abdullah @ Lim Swee Ann addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama​
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola also seeks permission once again to combine questions PL301 and PL266, numbers 7 and 8 respectively. Both are from Yang Berhormat Awang Mohammad bin Abdullah @ Lim Swee Ann and Yang Berhormat Awang Amran bin Haji Maidin because both touch on the same agenda, namely strengthening religious guidance for youth in the digital environment.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Please proceed.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. The Ministry of Religious Affairs records its appreciation to Yang Berhormat Awang Mohammad bin Abdullah @ Lim Swee Ann and Yang Berhormat Awang Amran bin Haji Maidin.
We know that the digital space has now become part of daily life. Therefore, authentic and authoritative religious guidance must certainly also be easy to access, relevant and easy to find. The Ministry of Religious Affairs implements a strategy focused on four main matters, namely:
First, expanding the presence of digital dakwah;
Second, providing authentic and authoritative religious content;
Third, addressing the spread of confusing religious information; and
Fourth, strengthening youth identity-building through programmes relevant to current developments.
From the aspect of expanding the presence of dakwah through digital platforms, Pusat Dakwah Islamiah currently manages a dakwah network across nine main digital platforms with an aggregate number of followers exceeding 63,000. These platforms include among others Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, and WhatsApp Channel which are used to deliver religious content in a way that is more easily accessible to the public, especially among the young.
In addition, the Mushaf Brunei Darussalam application which provides facilities for reading the Al-Quran digitally has recorded almost 50,000 downloads while Kolej Universiti Perguruan Ugama Seri Begawan has also expanded the dissemination of knowledge through its digital academic platform.
From the aspect of providing authentic and relevant religious content, the ministry focuses on producing authoritative religious content suited to current communication approaches. Among the initiatives implemented are the publication of Friday Sermon infographic e-posters, the Kan Tanya Ustaz video series as well as the Da'ie Basanayan podcast which conveys religious understanding in a format closer to the younger generation and these are in fact very interesting programmes.
The ministry also strengthens the capability of preachers through training and workshops on producing digital dakwah content so that religious messages can be delivered more effectively and in line with technological developments.
Regarding efforts to address the spread of unauthentic religious information on social media, apart from what was mentioned earlier, the ministry is increasing the provision of authentic religious reference sources that are easily accessible to the public through the platforms that have been provided.
The Religious Enforcement Division is also responsible for monitoring and examining complaints and specific information regarding religious content that has the potential to confuse or contradict the Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah creed and if action is required this matter is also handled together with law-related agencies within their respective jurisdictions.
If an issue arises that requires clarification, the ministry will also issue official explanations through authoritative channels as guidance to the public.
For example, a few days ago, the ministry issued a press statement to remind the public to always be cautious of spiritual religious programmes that do not obtain the approval of Majlis Ugama Islam Brunei. This was following the detection of activities by certain individuals or groups believed to be trying to influence the public and spread teachings that are doubtful or contrary to Islamic syariah and the Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah creed.
In addition, the Friday Sermon is also utilised as a medium for delivery and clarification of current issues related to religion and also specifically regarding creed.
Regarding efforts to strengthen religious education and youth guidance in the digital era, the ministry implements various programmes that combine digital and face-to-face approaches to build character, identity and religious values among youth. Among these is the Program Keugamaan Senegara, PKS, which is implemented regularly in Arabic schools and also in religious schools throughout the country with content touching on aspects of creed, morals, nationhood, family, prevention of social ills as well as character development.
In addition, the Department of Islamic Studies also implements the Husnul Khuluqi programme for teenagers. Meanwhile, at the Department of Mosque Affairs through the Jawatankuasa Tertinggi Belia Masjid Senegara, various leadership, self-development, digital skills, spiritual, volunteerism and community programmes are organised to encourage the active involvement of youth in mosque activities and community development throughout this country.
And Alhamdulillah, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, based on the records for the 2025/2026 session, a total of 3,102 young men and women have registered under the Belia Masjid Senegara group. Out of 120 mosques, surau and halls of worship listed, around 91 mosques, halls of worship and surau have actively registered youth members where various programmes are implemented including impact programmes, malam munajat, digital workshop, youth team building, dakwah video competitions, community service programmes and study visits, all of which aim to shape youth who are moral, skilled and active in enlivening the mosque.
The ministry's approach, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, is to utilise digital platforms as a medium to reach out to and attract the interest of youth. Meanwhile, face-to-face programmes continue to be strengthened to shape morals, character and the appreciation of Islamic values on an ongoing basis.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Through this comprehensive approach, the ministry will continue to expand dakwah and religious education that are relevant to the challenges of the digital era while ensuring that society, especially the youth, obtain authentic religious guidance and have self-resilience in facing the influence of confusing information, moral issues and current social challenges.
We know that the digital space is open and rapidly changing. Therefore, the ministry's focus is to ensure that authentic and authoritative sources are easy to find while equipping youth with the ability to assess the credibility of sources, compare information and obtain clarification from authoritative parties.
However, the role of parents and guardians is also very important. Existing formal religious education needs to be strengthened through consistent example, guidance and practice at home, for instance leading children to perform Islamic obligations such as obligatory prayers, maintaining proper manners and social interaction, observing aurat and using digital space responsibly and prudently.
The ministry once again records its appreciation to both Yang Berhormat for these constructive questions. That is all, thank you.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola seeks permission to combine the answers for questions PL170 and PL186, namely the questions listed as numbers 9 and 13 in the Order Paper, considering that the issues raised are interrelated. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and peace be upon you. First of all, kaola would like to express thousands of thanks to Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin and Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin for the questions raised.
Regarding village shops, this matter has already been explained in detail by kaola through the Ministerial Statement and during the Oral Question and Answer Session at the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council.
Fundamentally, village shops are one of the platforms to open up space for village communities to do business, market local products and strengthen economic activities at the grassroots level. However, the success and expansion of this initiative depend on the commitment, willingness, management capability and business viability of the local community, including the role of the Mukim and Village Consultative Councils, and not on the provision of premises alone.
This matter is also in line with the Key Performance Indicator of penghulu mukim and village heads, namely KPI 8, to measure the number of existing or new 1K1P products to be expanded in generating the village or mukim economy.
Kaola is pleased to share in this noble Council that, based on the employer and employee census as of 1 April 2026, the total number of companies carrying out retail activities, including wholesale trade and vehicle repairs in this country, is 1,400 with a workforce of 16,031 people. Of that total, 6,572 people are local workers, while 9,459 are foreign workers.
In terms of ownership, all retail shops, namely 1,400, are owned by local citizens, but a portion of them, namely only 482 retail shop companies, have joint ownership between local citizens and foreign nationals.
In this context, efforts to strengthen local participation need to be viewed comprehensively not only in terms of ownership but also participation as operators, suppliers and workers.
As of 30 June 2026, a total of 2,776 job vacancies had been advertised through JobCentre Brunei that are suitable to be filled by local jobseekers with 'O' Level qualifications and below.
Of that total, 766 positions have been successfully filled by jobseekers in the same qualification category.
At present, there are 2,010 active job vacancies being advertised including 528 positions in the retail sector such as shop labourers and cashiers which are also suitable to be filled by local jobseekers with 'O' Level qualifications and below.
However, for this qualification category there are 4,572 local jobseekers who are still actively seeking employment. This shows that the number of job vacancies available is still insufficient for local children, with a gap of 1,796 positions between the number of active jobseekers and the employment opportunities offered.
In this matter, based on the information shared earlier, it can be concluded that employment opportunities for local children are still available in the job market.
However, the challenge that needs attention is the extent to which our local jobseekers are prepared to seize those opportunities and fill positions that are usually filled by foreign workers.
That is all that kaola can convey in answering the relevant Yang Berhormat's question. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam which is also addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Sosial dan Tenaga Manusia dan Menteri Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and peace be upon you. Kaola records appreciation to Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam for the question raised.
In reply, kaola is pleased to share that economic activities in the Pantai Jerudong area continue to be developed through the cooperation of the Brunei and Muara District Office with the Mukim and Village Consultative Council of Jerudong B.
Over the past two years, several entrepreneurial activities have been undertaken including infrastructure maintenance works in the area such as toilets, a surau, roads, including the provision of a boat mooring place undertaken by the Mukim Consultative Council and the Village Consultative Council of Jerudong B themselves by charging a reasonable rental.
Alhamdulillah, to date various activities have been carried out including the operation of stalls by local traders, the Pesta Makan Tahun Pantai Siandang Kampung Jerudong which brought together cultural groups as well as Kedayan associations from Sabah, Sarawak and the Federal Territory of Labuan, and the provision of a gasing court.
Such efforts are what should be implemented by every Mukim and Village Consultative Council. This approach is one of the examples of whole of government and whole of nation implementation where government agencies, grassroots leaders and the community work together to enliven public spaces and generate local economic opportunities.
In this regard, the Pantai Jerudong area is also seen as having the potential to be developed in a more integrated manner as one of the local attraction destinations.
Among the initiatives introduced is a tour package by introducing the method of making traditional Kedayan food including briefing sessions, demonstrations and visits to the mini museum.
This approach not only highlights the local cultural heritage but also opens income opportunities for local entrepreneurs, strengthens 1K1P products and adds value to the visitor experience.
To support the development of this area, efforts to improve facilities and infrastructure will also continue to be given attention including the provision of tables, chairs and a more comfortable space for visitors' use. However, the provision of infrastructure needs to be accompanied by a sense of shared responsibility.
In this connection, the public is also called upon to maintain the cleanliness, safety and facilities provided so that they can be used continuously over the long term. The Ministry of Home Affairs will continue to support the implementation of activities that can strengthen the local economy, activate public spaces and contribute to the preparations for Visit Brunei Year 2027.
In this regard, discussions between the Brunei Muara District Office and the Tourism Development Department have already begun to identify opportunities for cooperation in coordinating suitable planning so that the development of Pantai Jerudong can be implemented in a more orderly, sustainable manner and benefit the local community.
That is all that kaola can convey in answering the relevant Yang Berhormat's question. Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The question of Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof, which is also addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama​
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
The Ministry of Religious Affairs records its highest appreciation to Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof, for the question regarding performance assessment and the strengthening of governance in mosque management and administration.
Through the Department of Mosque Affairs, the Ministry carries out periodic assessments and internal audits covering four main aspects, namely administration, financial governance, maintenance and cleanliness, human resource management, and the effectiveness of mosque enlivenment programmes.
For financial governance, monitoring is carried out on mosque financial management including compliance with regulations as well as the preparation of financial statements according to the stipulated period.
Up to June 2026, 102 out of 108 mosques, suraus and prayer halls that have mosque funds, or 94.1 per cent, had submitted monthly financial statements within the stipulated period. Meanwhile the remaining six, or 5.6 per cent, were statements received after the stipulated period.
It should be explained that a delay of even one day is still categorised as not complying with the stipulated submission period. Towards that end, the Department of Mosque Affairs has prepared an action plan to ensure that follow-up action can be implemented in an orderly manner including identifying the causes of delay, carrying out monitoring and obtaining statements that have still not been received.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. For maintenance and cleanliness, the Department of Mosque Affairs carries out grading of toilets for mosques, suraus and prayer halls every three months. Based on aspects of environment, maintenance, sanitation facilities, signage, cleaning activities and additional facilities.
A survey on the quality assessment of the cleanliness level of mosque toilets conducted in February and March 2026 showed that the level of user satisfaction stood at 3.3 out of 5.0 and these findings identified several mosques requiring immediate improvement action.
The Ministry acknowledges that a score of 3.3 out of 5.0 indicates a moderate level and that there is still clear room for improvement. The Ministry uses this as a baseline for corrective action and follow-up verification at the identified mosques.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Touching on human resource management, the Department of Mosque Affairs monitors attendance, for example monitoring the attendance of mosque officers and carrying out ongoing performance assessments.
Out of 348 mosque officers throughout the country, approximately 85 per cent have undergone professional training in leadership, governance, financial management, khutbah delivery and the use of digital technology within the July 2026 reporting period. This figure shows that training coverage, competency and its application in the workplace continue to be assessed through performance monitoring.
For the effectiveness of mosque enlivenment programmes, the Department of Mosque Affairs sets performance indicators for the implementation of holistic religious lectures. In the second quarter of 2026, a total of 90 mosques achieved those indicators compared to the target of 70 mosques.
As a complement to the implementation output, a congregants' satisfaction survey in November 2025 recorded an average score of 4.17 out of 5.0 which gives an early indication of positive reception towards the mosque enlivenment programmes implemented.
The next assessment will combine measures of coverage, quality and outcomes so that achievement is not assessed solely based on the number of activities alone. Based on the assessment carried out, the Ministry is implementing several improvement measures.
Among them are strengthening data-based cleanliness monitoring, expediting maintenance action through an immediate complaint mechanism, expanding the digitalisation of mosque management and reintroducing a performance recognition system for mosques that excel in the aspects of enlivenment and cleanliness.
Through this approach, the Ministry will continue to strengthen mosque governance that is full of integrity, efficient and effective in ensuring that mosques function as centres for the development of the ummah's character and as institutions that give a positive impact to society in general.
Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
The question of Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam, which is also addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Ugama​
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Kaola records appreciation to Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam, for this important question.
Your Honourable's question touches on a fundamental matter, namely how the people can make more planned and sustainable financial preparations to perform the fifth pillar of Islam.
Allow kaola to explain the current position at this time.
The Ministry of Religious Affairs through the Hajj Advisory Congregation Committee is a congregation that brings together several officers from ministries throughout the whole country.
This Hajj Advisory Congregation has long recognised three Hajj Savings Account products offered in collaboration with financial institutions in the country, namely the Akaun Tekad Haji from Tabung Amanah Islam Brunei, the Akaun Simpanan Haji from Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam and also one Sijil Takaful Haji dan Umrah from TBK, Takaful Brunei Keluarga.
However, based on the information received, the Sijil Takaful Haji dan Umrah product has no longer been offered since 2025. The two savings products still being offered, namely the Akaun Tekad Haji and the Akaun Simpanan Haji from TAIB as well as BIBD, are managed based on sharia principles, this indeed we know, and they are also subject to the regulations in force, and there are facilities in both these accounts, among them such as automatic salary deductions and periodic contributions that will help prospective haj pilgrims build savings discipline from the outset.
When we examine the integrated hajj savings model asked by Your Honourable, which is practised in some countries in this region, it usually combines three functions in one body, namely the Savings and Investment Function; the Hajj Registration and Queue Management Function; and also the Cost Assistance Function.
In Negara Brunei Darussalam these three functions do already exist, only they are placed separately and not within a single body:
First, the Sharia-compliant Savings and Investment Function which is carried out as mentioned through the Akaun Tekad Haji and Akaun Simpanan Haji products by financial institutions;
Second, the Hajj Registration and Queueing Function which is carried out through the Bruhaj System managed by the Department of Hajj Affairs; and
Third, whereas in the region there is a Cost Assistance Function.
Meanwhile, in Negara Brunei Darussalam there is the function of several forms of assistance implemented such as the Kurnia Tambang Menunaikan Haji and payment of hajj fare top up to cover part of the fare cost according to the eligibility policy and arrangements in force.
This assistance actually reduces the financial burden of eligible recipients, a kurnia which does not necessarily exist in other countries.
Thus, our country's approach all this while has been a system arranged separately according to respective expertise and not unified in a single body.
Up to now, honestly the ministry has not yet carried out a comprehensive formal study specifically on the need to establish that integrated model.
This is because the approach taken all this while, as kaola has explained, still exists to strengthen each component separately and to recognise the products offered by existing financial institutions.
However, kaola would like to state that the ministry welcomes Your Honourable's view and it is being given attention, while also taking into account the very dynamic development of hajj and umrah governance.
Your Honourable's proposal is a constructive proposal and it touches on matters that have a direct effect on the people's ability in the performance of the hajj pilgrimage. The ministry once again records its appreciation to Your Honourable for this constructive proposal.
That is all Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Thank you.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Thank you Your Honourable Members. Question time has ended and we now move on to the next order of business.
Yang Mulia Jurutulis​
Ministerial Statement from Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Urustadbir Perkhidmatan Awam.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Your Honourable Members. I have given permission for Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Urustadbir Perkhidmatan Awam to make a Ministerial Statement entitled Wawasan Brunei 2035 Framework Strengthening Coordination Towards the Achievement of Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Now I invite Yang Berhormat Menteri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri (Urustadbir Perkhidmatan Awam)​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. (prayer recited).
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members who are blessed by Allah and whom I respect all.
First of all, allow me to record my highest appreciation and thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity given to me to deliver a statement in this august Council regarding the Wawasan Brunei 2035 Framework.
Since 2007, Wawasan Brunei 2035 has been the country's long-term direction serving as a guide for national development, and in 2016 the Wawasan Brunei 2035 framework was established to support and strengthen the implementation of the vision.
It is intended to become a common platform in ensuring that every ministry, every agency as well as stakeholders move in an integrated manner towards realising and achieving the goals of Wawasan Brunei 2035.
However, as has been conveyed by several Your Honourable Members in this august Council, changes and developments at the global level as well as at the domestic level will continue to influence national development priorities. We are faced with technological advancement, demographic change, climate change challenges, geopolitical and geoeconomic uncertainty, the emergence of new economic opportunities as well as rising expectations of the people and residents regarding the quality of service delivery.
Therefore, we need to always ensure that the implementation of Wawasan Brunei 2035 is responsive and aligned with current needs and priorities.
In that regard, this framework has been updated to ensure that it remains relevant as a holistic and integrated guide in whatever planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035.
It is shared that the process of updating this framework was not limited to the government sector only, but also involved Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat Yang Dilantik.
Therefore, on this occasion, I would like to record my highest appreciation for the recommendations, feedback and proposals put forward to strengthen the framework.
I welcome the fact that the elements of this framework have been made the subject of discussion and debate by Your Honourable Members during the debate on the Motion Supporting Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
The need to continue strengthening the implementation approach of Wawasan Brunei 2035 was also emphasised in the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam while chairing the Wawasan Brunei 2035 Special Session Meeting on 18 April 2026 where His Majesty among other things titah, "I wish to emphasise that setting the right KPIs alone is not sufficient. Coordination is a critical element, because it determines whether the whole of government and whole of nation approaches are truly implemented or remain aspirations on paper. Also very important is to ensure that every KPI is aligned as one integrated system and that actions can be traced in their contribution to the achievement of national aspirations," thus titah His Majesty.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
As a strategic guide, this framework encompasses three goals which reflect national aspirations, guided by eight national priorities and supported by 13 national outcomes and measured through 42 National KPIs.
First of all, the success of the three Wawasan Brunei goals by 2035 is measured through several aspirations:
For Goal One, Educated, Highly Skilled and Successful People, we use the Global Talent Competitiveness Index, GTCI, to reflect the quality and talent of the country's human capital.
The target is for Negara Brunei Darussalam to achieve a position in the top 25 per cent by 2035. As of 2025, we are at the top 32 per cent position of countries;
For Goal Two, namely High Quality of Life of the People, we use the Human Development Index under the United Nations Development Programme, UNDP. The target is for Negara Brunei Darussalam to achieve a position among the top 10 countries by 2035.
As of 2023, we are at position 60 but consistently, our country is already included in the very high human development category;
For Goal Three, namely a Dynamic and Resilient Economy, we use two measures. The first measure, in terms of income per capita, targets Negara Brunei Darussalam to achieve a position among the top 10 countries by 2035.
As of 2024, we are already in the top 8. Meanwhile the second measure gauges economic diversification and market competitiveness according to the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, HHI. The target is for Negara Brunei Darussalam to record an HHI value below 1,500 by 2035.
As of 2025, the country's HHI score estimation is 2,265. This shows that economic market concentration is still at a moderately high level.
Taking into account that all three vision goals are interconnected and closely related to one another, success requires a whole of government approach by strengthening the effectiveness of cooperation among ministries, each ministry and each government agency.
In line also with the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, in conjunction with the Cabinet Ministers reshuffle on 4 June, where His Majesty's titah gave the mandate to Coordinating Ministers to issue appropriate directives to coordinate the actions of the relevant ministries in addressing national issues that are cross-cutting.
At the same time, the whole of nation approach is also very important involving all levels of society including the youth generation as heirs to today's prosperity and development in realising the national vision.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
Towards supporting the achievement of these three goals, eight national priorities were introduced, which cut across the three goals, namely:
First, education and manpower,
Second, health;
Third, social wellbeing;
Fourth, transport;
Fifth, environment and climate change,
Sixth, governance and collaboration;
Seventh, science, technology and innovation; and
Eighth, economy.
Each of these national priorities is in turn supported by 13 national outcomes which explain the impact to be achieved for the country's progress as well as the wellbeing of the people and residents.
For Goal One, Educated, Highly Skilled and Successful People, there are two national outcomes intended to support the national priority in education and manpower:
First, we want to see the country have a first-class education system, through high-quality education, complemented by religious education, equality of educational opportunity, skills development based on strong education pathways and lifelong education; and
Second, we also want to see human resource development that meets the needs of priority economic sectors, focusing on a highly skilled and competitive workforce and on people and residents succeeding in various fields.
Next, Goal Two, High Quality of Life of the People. There are seven national outcomes across six national priorities. For the national priority of health, the intended outcome is healthy citizens, where we want to see the people and residents of Negara Brunei Darussalam practise a healthy lifestyle, for the country to have a quality and resilient healthcare system and to be able to prevent and control Non-Communicable Diseases, NCD.
For social wellbeing, there are two intended outcomes, namely an integrated, resilient and resilient society, which focuses on the needs of an inclusive society being met such as housing, clean water supply, electricity supply, food supply, sanitation service facilities and roads. This outcome also focuses on proactive community development, a strong identity and nurturing a resilient and self-reliant mindset.
Next, the outcome of sovereignty, stability and security being maintained focuses on a sovereign, stable and peaceful country, progress in national interests and public preparedness and capability in facing challenges, security, emergencies and disasters.
For transport, the intended outcome is sustainable transport infrastructure. It focuses on transport systems and the movement of people and goods to improve mobility access domestically and internationally.
For environment and climate change, the intended outcome is a green nation, focusing on climate action, the conservation and protection of biodiversity and natural heritage as well as nurturing an environmentally responsible society.
For governance and collaboration, what is intended is excellent public service delivery by focusing on strong strategic governance and institutions that are effective, inclusive and possess a high level of integrity.
Meanwhile for science, technology and innovation, the intended outcome is a smart nation focusing on digital transformation, strengthening, digital connectivity, enhancement of research and development as well as strengthening the ecosystem as a whole.
Next, Goal Three, a Dynamic and Resilient Economy contains four national outcomes:
First, high and resilient economic growth, the achievement of which requires increased output and productivity through the use of technology and innovation, strengthening of the private sector especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or PMKS and attracting domestic and Foreign Direct Investment;
Second, a diverse and future ready economy. It focuses on strengthening competitiveness and the development of priority sectors, generating value-added economic activities and new industries, exploring new markets and building wider trade networks and monitoring and planning for opportunities in emerging economic sectors;
Third, a conducive working environment for locals which requires generating employment opportunities and ensuring that the reduction of the unemployment rate is addressed through the concerted efforts of various parties; and
Fourth, macroeconomic stability which focuses on improving the country's economic performance and ensuring that the inflation rate remains at a controlled and stable level.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
Progress towards achieving those outcomes is then assessed through 42 National KPIs which provide performance measurements at the national level. Progress is assessed based on data to provide a comprehensive picture of the achievement of Wawasan Brunei 2035 through the Wawasan Brunei Index which will be reported every year.
Overall, the Wawasan Brunei 2035 Framework complements one another in linking the country's direction with the outcomes to be achieved as well as the measurement of its progress.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
A development framework will only provide value when it is made a guide in planning and used in the implementation of national development.
In that regard, this framework is intended to become the main guide in coordinating and aligning the planning and implementation of national priorities towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Meanwhile the Manpower Blueprint, Social Blueprint and Economic Blueprint play a role in supporting Wawasan Brunei 2035 including assessment based on Action KPI.
Guided by those blueprints, each ministry and agency will continue to lead the implementation of policies, strategies, action plans and initiatives under the respective Wawasan Brunei 2035 Manpower, Economy and Social Working Committees.
The whole of government and whole of nation approaches will continue to be strengthened through close and integrated cooperation. This effort needs to cut across all ministries, government agencies, the private sector, non-governmental organisations, the grassroots level as well as other stakeholders in supporting the achievement of Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
The main objective of this framework is to provide a more structured framework for assessing national development progress holistically and in an integrated manner so that progress in achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 can be assessed more comprehensively and systematically.
This assessment is not merely intended to measure performance, but also to provide information that can help the government monitor the effectiveness and impact of the implementation of policies, strategies and initiatives for the wellbeing of the people and residents as well as the prosperity of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
Thus, any improvements whether in terms of planning or implementation that are closely related can be identified so that implementation continues to be responsive to ever-evolving needs and challenges.
In addition, the information obtained through this framework will also support more evidence-based planning and decision making to strengthen the implementation of Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
The success of Wawasan Brunei 2035 does not depend on this framework alone. Its achievement certainly requires commitment, cooperation and continuous effort from all parties through the whole of government and whole of nation approaches.
Insya Allah, with the commitment, cooperation and continuous effort of all parties, Negara Brunei Darussalam will continue to be able to face challenges through an approach that is adaptive and responsive to change as well as making use of opportunities arising from change.
Indeed, Wawasan Brunei 2035 is not merely a long-term vision, it is a shared trust for all of us as the people and residents of Negara Brunei Darussalam. All of this depends on the earnestness of all of us to continue moving forward together as a sovereign country that we all love.
Let us continue to uphold this trust with determination, commitment and continuous effort. Every step that we take today will shape the future of Negara Brunei Darussalam for the present generation and more importantly for the generations of our children and grandchildren to come.
That is all that I wish to convey, Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Alhamdulillah, thank you to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, Urustadbir Perkhidmatan Awam for, what is it called, the statement or statement made by the minister earlier.
Before we move on to the next business, I think I would suggest that we stop first to rest for 15 minutes and we will resume our sitting by looking at the subsequent matters.
(The Legislative Council adjourns briefly)
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. The Legislative Council now resumes sitting and we will move on to the next order of business.
Yang Mulia Jurutulis​
Motion No. 5/2026, Motion on the Drafting of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Your Honourable Members. The Legislative Council sitting is still debating Motion No. 5/2026. I will now open the floor for debate on the Motion for fifteen minutes for each speaker.
Therefore, I would now like to invite Yang Berhormat Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Muhammad Juanda bin Haji Abdul Rashid, Menteri Pembangunan. Please proceed.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Pembangunan​
Bismillahir rahmanir rahim. Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity given to kaola to take part in the debate on this Motion.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members who are blessed by Allah and whom I respect.
Thank you for the opportunity given to participate in the debate on this Motion and I record my strong support for the Motion on the Drafting of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council which has been proposed by Yang Berhormat Pehin Datu Lailaraja Mejar Jeneral (B) Dato Paduka Seri Haji Awang Halbi bin Haji Mohd. Yussof, Menteri Penyelaras Bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II.
I would also like to record my appreciation to the Honourable Members who have taken part in this sound and meaningful debate.
Such debate reflects the role of this noble Council as a platform to debate important issues as well as exchange views in a healthy, constructive and courteous manner.
With all due respect, allow me to put forward several additional perspectives which it is hoped can provide a more comprehensive picture of the matter being discussed.
I would also like to recall the words of wisdom shared by Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua that no document reaches the level of complete perfection and it is impossible to satisfy all parties.
However, as stated by Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, we need to begin with the first step and this step is the right step in the right direction, which can continue to be improved and refined from time to time.
I wish to support and add to the arguments that have been put forward by Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras Bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II regarding the provisions of the disciplinary code which are common practice in legislative bodies throughout the world to preserve the dignity, authority and integrity of a Council.
I would also like to revisit several concerns that have been raised by Honourable Members. Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee raised questions regarding the scope of the application of the Code of Ethics after the end of service, the procedure for handling confidential information and the application of this code to Ministers as compared to Appointed Members.
Meanwhile, Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin expressed concern that the provisions on conduct and confidentiality in this Code of Ethics could affect the freedom of speech of Your Honourable Members.
I respectfully wish to stress that the concerns raised, particularly those linking the confidentiality provisions with the risk of restricting the freedom of speech of Your Honourable Members, in my view are unfounded when examined more deeply.
With respect, it is my view that this concern arises from an interpretation that is too broad. This Code of Ethics, as drafted, only requires confidentiality over information that is clearly classified as secret or top secret and not over all official information received by Your Honourable Members in the performance of duties.
Therefore, the concern that Members will become overly cautious to the point of not daring to provide explanations to the public is, in my view, inappropriate and baseless because this code in fact does not restrict the sharing of official information that is not classified as secret.
I would also like to raise the question brought up by Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee regarding the application of this Code of Ethics to Cabinet Ministers.
For the information of Your Honourable Members, I myself as a Cabinet Minister together with the other Cabinet Ministers am fully bound by the provisions of this Code of Ethics.
In fact, given that we have access to more sensitive Cabinet-level information including matters involving national security and government policies, Cabinet Ministers are bound to a higher standard of confidentiality compared to Appointed Members.
Therefore, the question does not arise that Cabinet Ministers are exempted; rather, it is a responsibility borne willingly and with integrity in line with the great trust entrusted to us.
Next, allow me to share an observation without mentioning the country or individuals involved solely to express how important the provisions on conduct and discipline in this Code of Ethics are in preserving the dignity and credibility of an institution.
For example, there was one case within the past few years where a Member of a Council in a neighbouring country was forced to resign following the revelation that testimony he himself had previously given before the Council was found to be untrue.
The Member concerned not only had to resign but was later also charged in court for offences related to that false testimony.
This incident proves that the dishonesty of a Member before the Council not only invites serious legal implications against the individual concerned but also erodes public trust in the institution of the Council as a whole.
Trust that is tarnished due to such action is not easily restored and can affect the authority of that institution for a long period.
Another example is an incident that once occurred in a council in this region, when a Member of the Council was found to have used language that was impolite and improper to be uttered in parliament while a live broadcast of the sitting was taking place.
The incident went viral very quickly, triggering public anger and disappointment to the extent that the Member concerned was subjected to disciplinary action in the form of suspension from attending Council sittings for a period.
This incident proves that unethical actions and behaviour in the Council are not matters that can be taken lightly; apart from tarnishing the good name of the Member involved, they also erode the people's confidence in the authority, dignity and decorum of the institution of the Council itself. Public trust affected by such actions is not easily restored and the effects can be prolonged on the reputation of the institution.
This observation, in my view, clearly shows that the absence of clear guidelines on conduct not only does not uphold freedom of speech but instead can open the way to actions that undermine the credibility of the Member of the Council himself, invite disciplinary action or legal implications and erode public trust in the institution he represents.
This means that this Code of Ethics is basically a guidance document that will provide Your Honourable Members with a clear framework that protects Members when facing complex and challenging situations. In other words, a good code is not a burden or a restriction, but rather a form of protection that helps Members to act with confidence based on principles of integrity and clear conduct.
Regarding the principles of integrity and asset declaration contained in this Code of Ethics, allow me to share a little experience from when I previously served as Director at the Anti-Corruption Bureau. Through that experience, I witnessed firsthand that the existence of a transparent, comprehensive and effective system of declaration of property and assets is an important necessity.
Such a system not only functions as a preventive measure against misconduct, but also becomes a protection mechanism for public officers from any baseless allegations or suspicions. Indeed, the practice of transparent asset declaration is one of the main pillars in ensuring governance with integrity and accountability as I often emphasised during my service before.
If a person has nothing to hide then there is also nothing to fear, if you have nothing to hide there is nothing to fear. This is the principle that should be embraced by every Member of the Legislative Council. Asset declaration is not a burden but rather a statement of responsibility and proof of commitment to transparency, accountability, trustworthiness and integrity.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. If I may, kaola would like to speak a little about the United Nations Convention against Corruption as mentioned by Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri Dan Menteri Pertahanan II when tabling the Motion on the drafting of this code.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members. The Code of Ethics Motion that we are discussing is provided for in Article 8, United Nations Convention against Corruption. Negara Brunei Darussalam was involved in the debate and drafting of this international law at the United Nations Headquarters, PBB in Vienna, Austria.
The debate took place over more than two years, from 2001 until the text of this convention was signed on 9 December 2003 and it has now been ratified by as many as 192 member countries of the United Nations, PBB including Negara Brunei Darussalam.
In short, in 2014 efforts to introduce this Code of Ethics and asset declaration rules to Cabinet Ministers and Members of the Council were made to this Council Department. This effort also received the support of the Prime Minister's Office at that time.
However, perhaps this matter did not come to fruition at that time in 2014, but alhamdulillah in 2026 it has finally come to pass. The text of this international law, the United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003, is not a perfect or flawless text.
The United Nations, PBB every two years since 2003 has held a Conference of the States Parties to review and make amendments to the text of this law.
Therefore the rationale is, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, just as was also stated by Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua on Thursday, this is the first document, not a perfect document. As a first step, our country's laws allow us to review and make amendments and additions either through a supplementary guideline or additional regulations. For example, what value or price of gifts must be declared, we can place its limit threshold in a supplementary rule or guideline.
How long the moratorium on secret information must remain confidential after a Council Member retires can also be determined in the supplementary rule guideline. So the essence of it, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, is that we need to begin by agreeing on one text first to initiate this Motion, this noble aspiration, and so this is the text.
I am confident that we, every Member present in this noble Council Chamber today, share one common aspiration, namely to ensure that this institution of the Legislative Council continues to be strengthened as a, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua please a little time, as an institution that is respected, authoritative and firmly grounded on the principles of integrity, transparency, trustworthiness and carrying out responsibilities sincerely to the people and the country.
This Code of Ethics is not merely a guidance document but is a manifestation of our shared commitment to preserve the dignity, authority and trust in the institution that we represent. With clear guidelines in place, we not only protect the interests of this institution but also strengthen the people's confidence in these Council Members as public trustees.
We have also heard of parliaments in this region aspiring to a world class parliament which certainly requires that its members, its culture, its character, its discipline and its noble values are also those of world class parliamentarian.
This is also what we aspire to with the introduction of this Code of Ethics. Its role is not to punish but to shape, build and prevent. Thus with it there will exist parliamentarian who are truly trustworthy, of integrity and principled. This Code of Ethics is one of the pillars of that principle.
In that connection, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, I hereby, with full confidence, record my strong support for this Motion and call upon Your Honourable Members in this noble Council to support this Motion together.
That is all. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
I now invite Yang Berhormat Awang Abdul Aziz bin Haji Hamdan.
Yang Berhormat Awang Abdul Aziz bin Haji Hamdan​
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Yang Berhormat Pehin Yang Di-Pertua. First of all, kaola would like to express utmost gratitude before the Assembly to His Majesty Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam for His Majesty’s consent to formulate a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council.
In kaola’s view, this consent is an important step in strengthening the integrity, discipline, personality, professionalism and credibility of Your Honourable Members in line with the Melayu Islam Beraja philosophy. This Code of Ethics not only sets out rules on what may and may not be done, but is also guidance in shaping the attitude, morals and character of Members of the Legislative Council in carrying out the people’s trust.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam in conjunction with the Public Service Day celebration, His Majesty emphasised that integrity must not be allowed to collapse because when integrity collapses, falls apart, it can lead to corruption, abuse and personal interest.
His Majesty also stressed the importance of fairness and transparency in all actions. In kaola’s view, His Majesty’s emphasis is closely related to the drafting of the Legislative Council Code of Ethics because integrity is not only required in government administration but also in every institution that carries the people’s trust.
Therefore, this Code of Ethics must become a mechanism to ensure that every Yang Berhormat Member always prioritises trust, honesty, transparency and the interests of the people as well as the country and keeps away from any form of conflict of interest or abuse of position.
Kaola sees Bruneian values as something that should be highlighted through this Code of Ethics, namely manners, courtesy, politeness, wisdom, trustworthiness, respect, loyalty and responsibility to race, religion and country.
We want to see Your Honourable Members who are brave in voicing views yet remain courteous, firm in their stand yet respectful of differing views, critical in debate yet guided by facts, prioritising the interests of the people and the country as well as maintaining discipline, integrity and avoiding conflicts of interest.
These are the values which, in kaola’s view, need to reflect the true spirit of Melayu Islam Beraja in our journey as Members of the Legislative Council.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam also, in His Majesty’s titah regarding Wawasan Brunei 2035, emphasised that achieving the nation’s goals requires collective effort and shared responsibility. In His Majesty’s latest titah, success in achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 was also emphasised through leadership wisdom, solidarity and shared responsibility.
Therefore, in kaola’s view, this Code of Ethics is not only related to the conduct of Members of the Legislative Council but also forms part of efforts to strengthen national governance. We want an institution that has accountability, transparency, discipline and integrity because these matters are the foundation of public trust and of efforts to achieve Wawasan Brunei 2035.
We also need to realise that Members of the Legislative Council do not merely carry their own names when attending conferences, meetings or platforms at the regional and international levels. We carry with us the name of Negara Brunei Darussalam, the image of the Brunei nation and MIB values.
Therefore, every word, action and conduct of ours becomes a reflection of the country. Kaola believes that internalising this Code of Ethics will help shape a distinct identity for the Legislative Council, an institution that is not only strong in terms of system and governance but also elevated in manners, integrity, maturity and professionalism. We want that when people see Members of the Legislative Council of Brunei Darussalam, they see the image of a sovereign, peaceful, cultured and civilised country that upholds Islamic values and respects the Malay Islamic Monarchy institution.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
In kaola’s view, the trust given to Members of the Legislative Council is a great trust; we are not only responsible for voicing views but also for ensuring that every view is factual, prudent and beneficial to the people and the country.
Differences in opinion should not become a cause of division; instead, they should become a space for us to seek the best solutions in a mature and comprehensive manner. This is what kaola understands as a culture of courteous and responsible debate.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Finally, in kaola’s view, this Code of Ethics is not merely to comply with rules but to internalise values. Not merely to safeguard conduct but to shape character and not merely to preserve the image of MMN but to uphold dignity as well as trust in the institution and the country.
As emphasised in the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, integrity, transparency and good governance are important foundations in ensuring that the country continues to progress and that the people continue to place their trust in national institutions.
Therefore, with a full sense of responsibility, kaola fully supports the Formulation of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council as a step to strengthen the integrity, professionalism and credibility of MMN. Clearly in line with the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, the Melayu Islam Beraja philosophy and the inspiration of Wawasan Brunei 2035.
That is all. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
I invite Yang Berhormat Awang Amran bin Haji Maidin.
Yang Berhormat Awang Amran bin Haji Maidin​
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (prayer recited).
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and all Your Honourable Members.
Kaola would like to express thanks for giving kaola the opportunity to also take part in debating the Motion on the proposed Formulation of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council proposed by Yang Berhormat Pehin Datu Lailaraja Mejar Jeneral (B) Dato Paduka Seri Haji Awang Halbi bin Haji Mohd. Yussof, Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II.
Kaola also congratulates Yang Berhormat Pengiran Haji Isa bin Pengiran Haji Aliuddin who led the drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council in his capacity as an Appointed Member.
On this occasion, kaola would like to express full support for this Motion because in kaola’s view, the Formulation of a Code of Ethics and Conduct is not merely the production of a document but is a commitment to strengthen the integrity, accountability and credibility of the Legislative Council institution.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
As Members of the Legislative Council, we bear a great trust. This trust is not only to attend sittings and voice opinions but also to ensure that every action, speech and decision is always based on the interests of the nation founded on integrity while respecting the dignity of this noble institution.
Accordingly, kaola is of the view that this Code of Ethics will become a moral and professional compass that provides clear guidance to every Council Member regarding standards of behaviour, responsibilities and values that must always be upheld.
At the same time, kaola would like to stress that this Code of Ethics is not intended to restrict the freedom of Your Honourable Members to provide views or constructive criticism; rather, it ensures that every view is delivered prudently, responsibly and always in respect of the Constitution of Negara Brunei Darussalam, meeting rules and the decorum of proceedings.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
In kaola’s view, one of the main strengths of this Code of Ethics is its ability to improve public understanding of the true role of Members of the Legislative Council. Today the public can follow legislative proceedings from around the world through the mass media and social media.
However, every country has a different system of government, debating culture and legal framework.
Therefore, the public needs to understand that the Legislative Council has its own identity rooted in the Constitution of Negara Brunei Darussalam and the Melayu Islam Beraja philosophy.
This Code of Ethics will help the public see that every Council Member is not only free to put forward views but is also bound by the principles of trust, responsibility and professionalism.
With that, the public will better understand the true function of the Legislative Council and assess this institution based on its actual role, not through comparison with the practices of other countries.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Public trust is the most valuable asset for any public institution. That trust is built not solely through the decisions made but through confidence that those decisions arise from a transparent process, with integrity, and prioritising the interests of the country.
In this context, the Code of Ethics becomes an important foundation to ensure that every Council Member always acts in a trustworthy, honest and responsible manner. When the people see that Council Members uphold high ethical standards, confidence in this institution will continue to be strengthened.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola is also of the view that this Code of Ethics not only protects the institution but also protects the Council Members themselves.
With the existence of clear guidelines regarding responsibilities, conflicts of interest, official use and ethics while carrying out duties, every Council Member will have a uniform reference in carrying out their trust.
This will reduce misunderstandings, avoid inaccurate perceptions and ensure that all Council Members are assessed based on the same ethical standards.
At the same time, this Code of Ethics strengthens the principle of accountability by increasing that the position as a Council Member is a trust, not a privilege or personal interest.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Another very important aspect is the management of conflicts of interest; Council Members come from various backgrounds of experience and expertise. This diversity is a strength that allows various perspectives to be put forward in discussing national policies.
However, if there are circumstances that may give rise to a conflict of interest, they must be declared and managed transparently. This approach not only protects the integrity of Council Members but also avoids any perception that could affect public confidence in the credibility of the Legislative Council.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola believes that differences in opinion are a strength, not a weakness. In an institution such as the Legislative Council, differences in opinion are something healthy because they allow a proposal to be evaluated from various angles. However, such differences must be expressed courteously, factually, with mutual respect and always while preserving the dignity of this Chamber.
Quality debate is not measured by a loud tone of voice or harsh criticism but by the strength of argument, maturity of thought and willingness to seek the best solution in the interest of the country. This Code of Ethics will help strengthen that culture.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola is also of the view that the formulation of this Code of Ethics is very much in line with the Melayu Islam Beraja philosophy which is the foundation of the government of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
The values of trust, justice, compassion, honesty, mutual respect and responsibility that form the core of this Code of Ethics are also values required by Islam.
Accordingly, the formulation of this Code of Ethics does not introduce new values but strengthens the noble values that have long been the basis of the country’s administration.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. However, kaola is of the opinion that the success of this Code of Ethics and Conduct does not depend solely on the document that is formulated. What is more important is the commitment of every Council Member to truly internalise and practise all the principles contained in it.
To ensure its effective implementation, this Code of Ethics must also be supported by clear mechanisms, including continuous education and training on ethics, declaration of conflicts of interest when necessary and a process of compliance that is transparent, fair and consistent.
With such an approach, this Code of Ethics will not only become a reference document, but will also shape a work culture founded on integrity, accountability and professionalism among Council Members.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In closing, once again kaola would like to record full support for this Motion. In kaola’s view, the formulation of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council is a correct and forward-looking step in strengthening the integrity, accountability and professionalism of Council Members as well as enhancing the credibility of the Legislative Council institution.
This Code of Ethics is not a form of restriction but is a compass that ensures every Council Member continues to carry out their trust with full responsibility, with integrity and always placing the interests of religion, the monarch and the country above all other interests.
Insya Allah, with the commitment of all Council Members to internalise those principles, the Legislative Council will continue to remain an institution that is respected, trusted and serves as an example of good governance practices in Negara Brunei Darussalam.
That is all Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah, wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
I now invite Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Mohamad Danial @ Tekpin bin Ya'akub.
Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Mohamad Danial @ Tekpin bin Ya'akub​
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. First of all, kaola welcomes this Motion and wishes to express utmost gratitude before the Majlis of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam for His Majesty’s concern and wisdom in consenting to the effort to formulate a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council.
Kaola wishes to see the formulation of this Code of Ethics as a very good and important step. It not only provides a principle of identity and character to the institution of the Legislative Council, but also reflects the cultural values and identity of a credible national legislative institution.
The existence of this Legislative Council is not only assessed in the context of our relationship with the people and society in Negara Brunei Darussalam, but also contributes visible value and image at the regional and international levels. This is because every Ahli Yang Berhormat not only carries the voice of the people but also indirectly brings along the good name, image and authority of Negara Brunei Darussalam when interacting or representing the country on various conference platforms and international meetings.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Therefore, the existence of this Code of Ethics, kaola sees as a very good step and as forming a standard of conduct that reflects the maturity, courtesy, integrity and professionalism of Members of the Legislative Council.
This matter is also in line with the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, in conjunction with the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council on 12 March 2026, that the Legislative Council session is not merely an annual meeting but is also a strategic platform to debate the real issues faced by the country and the people, based on in-depth scrutiny and solid facts.
In kaola's view, this titah provides a very clear finding that the role of an Ahli Yang Berhormat is not merely to speak, but to speak with knowledge, facts, scrutiny and a sense of responsibility towards the interests of the people and the country. We want that when this institution is mentioned or when our Members of the Legislative Council face counterparts from other countries, they are known not only for the courage to voice the interests of the people but also for their manners, integrity, discipline, wisdom, and authority in carrying out the trust.
In other words, this Code of Ethics can become one of the foundations in shaping the distinct character of the Legislative Council of Brunei Darussalam based on the values of Melayu Islam Beraja, respecting national institutions, respecting the lives of the people and always upholding the good name of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola sees this matter as very important because the authority of an institution does not lie only in the rules and laws that are established, but also in the character, attitude and behaviour of those who comprise it.
Indeed, Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam in His Majesty’s titah this year also emphasised the importance of building a work culture that is clean, ethical, full of integrity and has excellent governance across the government and private sectors, while affirming that efforts to combat corruption and abuse of power will continue to be given attention.
In kaola's view, this matter has a very close connection with the country’s economic development. Ethics and integrity are not only matters of individual morality but are part of a nation’s infrastructure of confidence.
Good governance, sincerity, integrity, decisions based on facts as well as the public interest and strengthening the confidence of the people and the private sector, create an environment that is more conducive to investment, opens up economic and employment opportunities and makes the Code of Ethics of Members of the Legislative Council one of the important foundations for the stability and economic growth of the country.
Therefore, kaola sees the formulation of this Code of Ethics as not merely a document or guideline but a shared commitment to build a work culture, a debate culture and a service culture that are more mature, full of integrity and responsible.
With clear principles and guidelines, we can ensure that every Ahli Yang Berhormat always understands that freedom of speech comes with responsibility, position comes with trust and authority comes with character. We may differ in opinion, but such differences must be conveyed with courtesy and wisdom.
We must also ensure that debates in this Council do not only produce differences of opinion but produce ideas, solutions and policies that bring benefits to the people and the country.
This matter is also in line with the hope of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam that the Legislative Council debate priority strategic issues and become a catalyst for sound, pragmatic and innovative ideas while working hand in hand with the government to seek solutions to the challenges of society and the country.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In kaola's view, these are among the Codes of Ethics that can have a positive impact on the nation’s progress: debating with facts, making admonitions with wisdom, safeguarding integrity, avoiding conflicts of interest, respecting differences of opinion, maintaining confidentiality when required, not misusing position and always placing the interests of the people and the country above personal interests.
If these principles become the culture of the institution of the Legislative Council, we can indeed shape Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat to be more ethical, while also building an institution that is able to contribute to better governance, higher-quality policies, stronger economic confidence and more sustainable national development.
Kaola believe that if these values can be instilled and practised consistently, then the institution of the Legislative Council will continue to be an institution respected by the people, trusted by society and esteemed at the regional and international levels.
These are among the reasons why kaola sees the formulation of this Code of Ethics as a step that is not only relevant at present but also an institutional investment for future generations of Members of the Legislative Council. We do not merely want to leave behind a Code of Ethics as a document, but we want to leave behind a culture that becomes an example.
Accordingly, this Code of Ethics and Conduct is hoped to become one of the foundations in strengthening the character of the Legislative Council of Brunei Darussalam, an institution that is full of integrity, courteous, professional, authoritative and always contributes to the peace, stability, economic progress and well-being of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
That is all, thank you. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​
Your Honourable Members. Alhamdulillah, I think it is enough for us to sit for this morning and I propose that we adjourn this meeting. Insya Allah, we will reconvene starting from 2.30 this afternoon. That is all wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh.
(The Council resumed at 2.30 p.m.)
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