DAY 3
📖 Reading time: 80 minutes
📊 Word count: 15,932 words
(The meeting commenced at 9.00 a.m.)
Yang Mulia Jurutulis
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The Second Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council convenes on its third day today, Thursday, 22 Safar 1448 corresponding to 6 August 2026, and is preceded by Doa Selamat.
DOA SELAMAT
(Doa selamat was recited by Yang Mulia Begawan Mudim Haji Ahmad Kasra bin Haji Ibrahim)
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings. Praise be to Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala because by His grace, mercy and permission alone, we are able to be present this morning for the third day of the Second Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council.
Blessings and peace be upon our Great Leader Sayyidina Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wassalam, his family, his companions and his followers who are obedient and faithful until the end of time.
Your Honourable Members, we will begin today with the next order of business.
Yang Mulia Jurutulis
Time for Oral Answers to Questions.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Your Honourable Members. I now open question time and before us now is the list of questions that has been submitted in advance.
I begin with the first question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin, and this question is addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II. Please, Yang Berhormat Menteri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings and greetings.
I also express my thanks to Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin for the question raised, namely PL205, regarding the National Committee, and allow kaola, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, to also take this opportunity to answer the earlier question, namely PL166, raised by Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin, although it has been answered elsewhere, but regarding proactive scenario planning in facing shocks at the global level, considering that the matters raised are interrelated.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
In addressing the concerns voiced by Your Honourable Members, the administrative approach has been strengthened by placing emphasis on more proactive measures.
The National Committee for Addressing the Effects of the Middle East Conflict initially, and now named the National Committee for Addressing the Effects of the Middle East Conflict and Current Developments, KK-MKKTTPS, was established as a government-wide strategic coordinating platform, namely whole government, towards the intended proactive actions to strengthen national preparedness, the country's readiness in facing global uncertainties including geopolitical conflict, pandemics, climate change and supply chain disruptions.
It was established initially chaired, as announced publicly, co-chaired by the Ministers at the Prime Minister's Office and also the Minister of Finance II and now, following the Cabinet reshuffle last July, co-chaired by kaola, myself together with the Coordinating Minister for Economic Policies and Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry to coordinate risk and impact assessments on the people, especially for:
First, assessing risks to the supply of energy, food, medicines, construction materials and other basic necessities including the economic and social impact on low- and middle-income people;
Second, formulating cost-of-living mitigation measures including immediate, short-, medium- and long-term interventions; and
Third, ensuring fiscal sustainability through an integrated approach.
The strategies to achieve the objectives that have been shared include:
First, management of the country's strategic stockpile levels for food, fuel and medicines;
Second, diversification of sources and supply chains, demand management and contingency plans; and
Third, regional and international cooperation to reduce import costs and the risk of supply disruptions.
This approach enables the government to protect vulnerable groups of people without affecting the country's fiscal position.
This committee also provides a national risk monitoring dashboard to monitor oil prices, stock levels and supply chain status as well as issue press releases and carry out public awareness so as to ensure that the public is always aware of the measures taken by the government.
These efforts are further strengthened through scenario planning, periodic risk assessment, monitoring of early warning indicators and policy improvements based on data and performance.
This is important in setting trigger indicators or trigger points that enable the government to act more quickly and accurately before a disruption develops into a larger crisis.
Among the identified risks are from the perspective of energy assurance and security for the country. The energy sector contributes to the people's cost of living directly through fuel prices and electricity tariffs and indirectly through transport and production costs.
Therefore, the government's measures for the energy sector to ensure affordability and fiscal sustainability are focused on three pillars, namely:
First, ensuring that domestic energy prices remain stable and affordable. The government continues to maintain domestic prices for fuel, namely petroleum products and LPG, as well as electricity tariffs at stable rates even though crude oil and natural gas prices in the global market continue to fluctuate.
With this, the people and residents continue to enjoy reasonably priced energy supplies and are protected from uncertainties in oil and natural gas market prices;
The second pillar, ensuring that energy use is carried out prudently. In line with the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam in conjunction with His Majesty's 80th Birthday for the use of energy resources to be carried out prudently by all parties.
The government will continue efforts to ensure that energy is used more wisely and responsibly so that subsidy support continues to provide real benefits to the people and residents without encouraging wastage.
As I have already shared during the session of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council earlier this year, the country's electricity tariff structure is being refined from being regressive to progressive.
This means consumers continue to enjoy reasonable rates according to their actual usage patterns, while at the same time encouraging more efficient energy use.
This approach was implemented for the housing sector in 2012 and will be expanded to the commercial sector with the implementation of the new tariff in 2028.
These efforts are also supported through various initiatives, efficiency and energy review, namely energy efficiency and conservation for the public and industry including awareness programmes, energy audits and labelling, energy-efficient equipment; and
As for the third pillar, namely in strengthening the capability of the country's energy and financial systems for the long term, the government continues to monitor global energy price developments continuously for more prudent fiscal planning while diversifying the country's energy sources including solar energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This step also strengthens the country's energy assurance through a more diverse and resilient supply system.
God willing, through a balanced approach between protecting the well-being of the people, ensuring prudent energy use and prudent management of the country's finances, the national energy sector will continue to be a catalyst for economic development and the stability of the people's cost of living while supporting the development of a sustainable, resilient and competitive Negara Brunei Darussalam.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
The government is aware that geopolitical tensions and disruptions in international supply chains can increase food costs through rising fuel, transport, fertiliser, seed and animal feed prices.
In line with efforts to ensure that energy security and assurance continue to be safeguarded, the government also gives equally important attention to food supply assurance as another main pillar of the people's well-being and the country's resilience.
Through an integrated whole of government approach, these efforts are implemented through continuous monitoring of prices and supply, transparent dissemination of price information through smart consumer platforms and price controls for selected essential goods.
Close cooperation between government agencies and industry is also strengthened to identify market pressures, formulate suitable interventions and encourage diversification of import sources so that the supply of essential goods remains readily available at stable and reasonable prices, especially for vulnerable groups.
In strengthening the country's food supply assurance, the government's efforts cover the entire food value chain from the provision of production requirements and agricultural, fisheries and livestock activities to processing, distribution, marketing and export.
This includes periodic monitoring of:
First, the level of supply availability and production costs;
Second, increasing local production capacity;
Third, maintaining strategic stocks of fertiliser and animal feed;
Fourth, strengthening the supply of fish and shrimp seed; and
Fifth, encouraging local fish feed production that reduces exposure to rising import and logistics costs.
At the same time, as previously explained by colleague Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri, the expansion of export markets continues to be supported to increase the scale, viability and sustainability of the industry without affecting the priority of ensuring that domestic food needs are always sufficient and guaranteed.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
God willing, the government through the national committee that I shared earlier will continue to take a proactive, integrated and targeted approach to protect the well-being of the people and ensure that the country is always prepared to face an increasingly complex and uncertain world. All these efforts will continue to be strengthened in order to guarantee the country's resilience, stability and security.
That is all that can be conveyed, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Thank you.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The second question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin and this question is addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri. Please, Yang Berhormat.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and thank you also for the question raised by Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin.
Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings and greetings.
This question is regarding assessing existing legislation to identify control and the receipt of the true benefits of businesses, especially those owned by foreign nationals, so that any ownership gaps can be detected earlier.
Praise be to Allah, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry gives serious attention to aspects of business governance, transparency, ownership as well as compliance with enforced legal provisions to identify control and the receipt of the true benefits of businesses, especially those owned by foreign nationals, so that any ownership gaps can be detected earlier through information sharing and cross-agency enforcement.
Beginning 25 April 2025, this ministry through the Registry of Companies and Business Names Division, ROCBN, has mandated the filing of beneficial owners, namely the company's beneficial owner, with the registrar of companies.
This is in line with Financial Action Taskforce Recommendation 24 which outlines measures for the prevention of money laundering and the prevention of terrorism financing as well as the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
The main purpose of this measure is to obtain information regarding the beneficial owner, the company's beneficial owner, namely the main shareholder, the ultimate owner in local companies or foreign companies.
Based on the latest information as of 25 July 2026, the filing rate for beneficial owners is 13.5 per cent, involving 1,301 companies out of a total of 9,633 companies registered with the ROCBN division.
This shows an increase of 5.3 per cent compared to the filing rate in April 2026, which was 8.2 per cent. The ROCBN division also serves as the source of truth for information related to companies registered in Brunei Darussalam.
The ROCBN division continuously collaborates with government and non-government agencies in the sharing of company and business name information to facilitate the process of offering and issuing business licences, the implementation of enforcement actions and so on.
To ensure the accuracy, consistency and quality of business owner information, ROCBN always works directly and closely with relevant agencies such as the Industry and Business Ecosystem Division, the Department of Economic Planning and Statistics, the Employees Trust Fund, the Revenue Division at the Ministry of Finance as well as security agencies and others.
This close cooperation also aims to ensure that information relating to business owners, company directors and shareholders is always accurate, up to date and consistent across agencies.
In addition, ROCBN is currently examining existing legislation to ensure that it remains relevant and is also sufficient to regulate what is required. This close cooperation between agencies will, God willing, ensure that information relating to business owners, company directors and shareholders is always accurate, up to date and consistent across agencies.
That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The third question is from Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof which is also addressed to Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. And thank you also for the question raised by Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof regarding the level of implementation from the aspects of alignment, coordination and stronger transformational consensus across relevant agencies, in truly realising government policies that are more efficient and effective.
Based on statistics from the Registry of Companies and Business Names Division, ROCBN, approved company applications showed an increase of 125 per cent, namely 354 companies were registered in 2025 compared with 157 companies registered in 2024.
For the six-month period in 2026, a total of 200 companies have been registered. Meanwhile, applications for registration of business names, sole proprietorships and partnerships have also shown an increase of 3.9 per cent, namely 3,148 businesses were registered in 2025 compared with 3,029 businesses registered in 2024.
For the six-month period in 2026, a total of 1,403 business names have been registered.
Overall, approved applications for business name registration and company incorporation within the Tekad Pemedulian Orang Ramai period of one day in 2025 were at the rate of 85 per cent. The increase in the number of companies and business names registered and the rate of applications approved within the TPOR period shows positive results from the alignment, coordination and consensus efforts implemented by the ministry.
This is expected to further strengthen confidence among business communities as well as encourage the country's economic growth.
In that regard, from the aspect of investment facilitation, project assessment, industrial site management as well as engagement with the business community, the Brunei Economic Development Board has carried out several cross-agency coordination efforts covering its role as a front-line agency and reference centre to facilitate foreign direct investment projects beginning from the planning stage, permit applications and development approvals, from construction until the project enters the operational and business expansion phases.
Secondly is to expand cooperation with Brunei Darussalam embassies and consulates abroad as well as forge collaboration with local chambers and business associations and other stakeholders.
Thirdly is organising joint dialogue sessions such as the BEDB Engagement Series and MSME Round Table Series as platforms providing dialogue involving the business community and government agencies, especially in addressing challenges faced by the business community.
At the same time, the BEDB Business Helpdesk provides space for the public and local MSMEs to channel issues related to the business ecosystem that require resolution.
Overall, the efficiency of the registration process and the investment facilitation initiatives implemented not only strengthen the domestic business ecosystem but also open wider opportunities for the development of local MSMEs and the provision of jobs for locals.
This ministry will continue to strengthen cross-agency coordination and improve the quality of service delivery in order to support the growth of local enterprises and attract quality investors.
With the appointment of the Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi, this will further strengthen alignment, coordination and consensus for Ease of Doing Business in attracting more FDI as well as traders to expand the country's business activities.
Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam which is addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II, please proceed Yang Berhormat Dato.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Thank you also for the question from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam regarding the results of the implementation of the Fiscal Consolidation Program.
Therefore, allow me to share as follows. Under Phase One of the Fiscal Consolidation Program which ran for 5 years beginning Financial Year 2020/2021 and ending in Financial Year 2024/2025, a total of 86 initiatives were implemented and 22 of them were reported completed, while the remainder were carried forward to Phase Two of the Fiscal Consolidation Program beginning Financial Year 2025/2026.
Next, among the positive impacts of the 22 completed initiatives on the government's fiscal position are as follows. Nine initiatives contributed to government savings estimated at a total of BND34.7 million overall.
Among them is the Ministry of Defence initiative for the shift from food rations to catering services which generated estimated expenditure savings of BND11.6 million. With that shift, the most significant benefit is the reduction of food wastage and the provision of food supplies more accurately according to actual needs compared with conventional food rationing.
And the IT Central Procurement implemented by the E-Government National Centre, EGNC under the Ministry of Transport and Infocommunications aims to enhance management effectiveness as well as speed up the procurement process for government IT equipment.
Through the streamlining of these procedures, the cost of Microsoft software could be controlled at the proper price for a period of three years and overall has contributed savings to the government amounting to BND16 million.
Five initiatives will contribute to increased revenue. Among them are initiatives of the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports such as rental of premises at the National Service Department Complex Building, Temburong District and rental of gym space at the Mumong Sports Complex, Kuala Belait estimated at BND50,000 a year, and the Projek Nomborku, which is an online platform enabling the public to participate in Closed Bidding or Click and Bid and Open Offering or Click and Buy for vehicle registration numbers, implemented by the Land Transport Department in MTIC and introduced as part of the department's improvement efforts in facilitating and providing transparent services to the public, is expected to generate revenue of BND1 million a year.
There are also several initiatives showing success in reducing the time taken to provide services to the public.
Among them are initiatives implemented by the Ministry of Health such as the outsourcing of Renal Medical Services, particularly dialysis treatment, through collaboration with Jerudong Park Medical Centre aimed at improving waiting times for kidney patients requiring dialysis treatment, and Outsourcing of Procurement: Warehousing and Logistics of Medicines and Medical Consumables aimed at enhancing service effectiveness in the long term for the procurement of medicines and medical consumables through competitive pricing.
The implementation of effective procurement processes and best practices in inventory management, and the Land Transport Department has also introduced an online service initiative for the renewal of Driving Licences and Vehicle Licences through the TransportBN application and the GOV.BN portal.
Through this service, the public now has the opportunity to renew licences and make payments online without having to attend and queue at the department counter. Revenue collection from those payments is also channelled online.
This step is part of the department's improvement efforts in facilitating service delivery to the public, while at the same time strengthening the achievement of TPOR.
In addition, eight initiatives were identified as having the potential to support or create job opportunities such as the initiative implemented by the Department of Youth and Sports in KKBS, namely the initiative to open Entrepreneurial Incubator Spaces at the Youth Development Centre as well as at Hassanal Bolkiah National Stadium.
This space provides a platform for youth entrepreneurs and the community to develop their businesses, while also opening job opportunities for locals actively involved in entrepreneurship.
To date, a total of five Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise operators involving 14 locals have carried out various types of businesses, among them men's barbering services, textiles, vehicle repair as well as fertigation planting and others.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Following the sharing during the 2026/2027 Budget presentation, Phase Two of the Fiscal Consolidation Program has now begun in Financial Year 2025/2026 until Financial Year 2029/2030, with 58 initiatives planned for implementation under this Fiscal Consolidation Program by ministries and government departments.
Among the latest developments completed in the first year of this Phase Two of the Fiscal Consolidation Program includes the corporatisation of the Postal Services Department into PosBru Sendirian Berhad on 1 January 2026.
This is a step towards strengthening governance and service efficiency. Through this model, postal services can be managed more flexibly, transparently and competitively, with room to diversify services and revenue sources.
At the same time, the government still maintains its regulatory role to ensure that the interests of the people continue to be prioritised, particularly in the provision of basic services throughout the country.
From this corporatisation initiative, a total of 50 government officers and staff have been absorbed into PosBru Sendirian Berhad, resulting in total government savings of BND1.1 million a year, and the introduction of the Skim Tabungan Anak Damit replacing the provision of disposable diapers and breast pumps to newborn babies born from 1 March 2026.
This scheme is a social assistance for newly born children with certain citizenship status and also aims to cultivate a savings culture.
Since its introduction, as at 30 June 2026, a total of 742 new baby accounts have been opened with total expenditure amounting to BND178,000.
At the same time, this scheme has helped the government in streamlining the provision of social assistance to those who are eligible.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
This reflects the government's commitment to ensure that the outcomes of the Fiscal Consolidation Program are also channelled back to the well-being of the people.
The Ministry of Finance together with ministries and government departments and relevant agencies will continue to ensure that the implementation of Phase Two of the Fiscal Consolidation Programme will focus on impacts that can be directly felt by the people, in line with the aspirations of Wawasan Brunei 2035 towards an advanced and prosperous nation.
Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim which is also addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Thank you also for the question from Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim regarding the implementation of projects using the Public-Private Partnership method or better known as Public Private Partnership, PPP.
The Ministry of Finance, through the Special Committee on Corporatisation and Public-Private Partnership or JKPKAS, plays the main role as facilitator in examining proposed projects that have the potential to be implemented through the PPP approach.
At the same time, the Ministry of Finance has prepared the National PPP Guidelines for Negara Brunei Darussalam as a reference for government agencies in identifying, evaluating and preparing PPP projects.
The implementation of projects using the PPP method is one of the strategic approaches capable of strengthening public service delivery and providing government infrastructure.
This approach not only increases the efficiency of project implementation and service delivery, but also encourages investment, strengthens private sector participation and supports fiscal sustainability and the country’s overall economic development.
As of July 2026, several projects have obtained approval from JKPKAS. Among them, the main PPP project or PPP Flagship Project for Negara Brunei Darussalam is the 30MW AC Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Project, which is currently in the construction phase and is expected to begin operations at the end of 2026.
This project serves as a benchmark for strategic cooperation between the public and private sectors in strengthening the country’s energy security, supporting the energy transition agenda by contributing to the increased use of renewable energy and towards lower carbon emissions in line with the targets of the National Climate Change Policy of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
Alhamdulillah, this project has created 22 job opportunities for locals during the construction phase and is expected to create eight job opportunities for the local workforce for operations and maintenance.
The number of job opportunities for operations and maintenance is based on the minimal labour requirement concept for the project. Its implementation also supports human capital development through technology transfer, technical training and skills enhancement in the field of solar energy technology as well as providing industrial training programmes to students from local public Higher Education Institutions.
In addition, BND5 million or about 30 per cent of the total project value has been awarded to local subcontractors, thereby stimulating the growth of domestic economic activity.
When this project is fully operational, it is expected to supply electricity to approximately 2,000 residential houses while reducing the use of natural gas for electricity generation and avoiding carbon dioxide emissions equivalent to around 26,000 metric tonnes each year.
Next, in efforts to improve tourism facilities and infrastructure, these are not only provided by the government but also by the private sector.
The Government has also successfully implemented PPP projects for the development of a restaurant at Bukit Patoi Recreational Park, in Temburong District, which began operations in May 2025, and a resort by Borneo Eco Resort Sdn Bhd in Berakas Forest Reserve, Brunei-Muara District.
An approach such as this allows public assets to be utilised more productively while supporting local tourism development.
From the employment aspect, this project can create jobs for local residents through restaurant operations, support services, raw material supply, cleaning, security and maintenance.
Although the scale of this project is smaller compared to energy projects or major infrastructure projects, it remains important because it creates community-based jobs.
From the perspective of local business development, restaurants in recreational areas usually have spillover effects on nearby small traders such as suppliers of food, beverages, agricultural produce, handicrafts and tourism services.
This can also encourage more local MSMEs to be involved in the supply chain, thereby strengthening the local economy.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
In addition to what was mentioned earlier, I am pleased to briefly share the achievements through Muara Port Company Sdn Bhd. As one of the approaches through institutional PPP on behalf of the government, the public-private partnership approach together with a foreign investment company has yielded various national outcomes, among them as follows: MPC has succeeded in increasing port operational efficiency. At the same time, MPC has also increased shipping destinations, which has improved the maritime connectivity of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
Apart from that, the Ministry of Finance is also exploring several government projects that have been identified as having the potential to be implemented through PPP, which will be shared in this august Council when there are developments and progress on the matter.
That is all that kaola can share. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and thank you also for the question raised by Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed regarding the ministry’s approach in developing the night-time economy as one of the new sources of growth for local entrepreneurs.
In the context of tourism, the development of the night-time economy is one approach to extend the duration of stay and tourist spending.
In addition to improving visitor experience through activities suited to Brunei’s main tourism activities, its implementation takes into account aspects of safety, cleanliness and community well-being. These include:
First, strengthening existing attractions such as Gadong Night Market. At the same time, encouraging traders to use digital payment options to facilitate visitor transactions, especially tourists from abroad;
Second, supporting operators through the provision of suitable operating sites while enabling the development of value-added tourism experiences. For example, the Sunset Cruise Dinner offered by the Brunei River Cruise operator at Jalan Kampung Dato Gandi, Mukim Kota Batu.
The Tourism Development Department also supports the development of this product through planning the development of jetty facilities on Sungai Brunei, which will allow stopovers in several villages as well as create spillover economic benefits, economic spin off, for the community and local enterprises in the surrounding area;
Third, developing night-time ecotourism experiences such as stargazing activities, stargazing at Luagan Lalak Forest Recreational Park, Jalan Labi, Kuala Belait, which is known for its low level of light pollution. It also has the potential to become a location for nature-based stargazing experiences. Besides Luagan Lalak, stargazing activities have also been held in several locations such as Kampung Merangking, Kampung Batang Duri and Kampung Bukit Udal;
This ministry, through the Tourism Development Department, collaborates with the Brunei Darussalam Astronomy Association to strengthen this development so that it not only becomes a unique tourist attraction but also grows as a sustainable tourism product that benefits the local community;
Fourth, there are also night-time river cruises, river cruise, for the experience of witnessing fireflies, firefly experience in the Sungai Damuan area and also other rivers, including observing nocturnal wildlife along the mangrove swamps at night. Efforts to strengthen product offerings also involve the development of value-added experience packages to increase visitor appeal and acceptance such as the use of pontoon boats for a more comfortable and exclusive experience;
Fifth, increasing the promotion of the night trail product, nocturnal trail newly introduced by the Rumah Panjang Mendaram community, Mukim Labi, Belait District and Alai Gayoh Anak Pulau in Kampung Bukit Udal, Tutong District.
This product provides opportunities for visitors, including researchers and students, to explore forest biodiversity at night while learning the importance of ecosystem conservation. This initiative was developed as a result of the Enhancing Value Through Nature Tourism: Designing Sustainable Tourism Products training programme implemented in July 2025 by the Tourism Development Department in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sabah aimed at empowering nature-based tourism experiences offered by tourism service providers.
The Tourism Development Department also provides capacity-building programmes to tourism service providers and communities including training to improve the quality of tourist experiences, product development as well as workshops on preparing promotional materials such as package offer posters to help strengthen and increase the visibility of products offered more effectively.
In addition, these products continue to be promoted through the Explore Brunei and Nakhoda platforms to make it easier for local and international tourists to obtain information and make bookings. God willing, the ministry will continue to cooperate with communities and tourism service providers to expand quality, family-friendly, sustainable night-time economic activity offerings that are able to generate income opportunities for local entrepreneurs without affecting social harmony and the values that we practise in Negara Brunei Darussalam.
That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Thank you, but perhaps just the intro only, is there a better term than the one used, night-time economy perhaps sounds a little too enthusiastic (laughter).
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Even I have only just heard this night-time one (laughter) but nevertheless we understand what is meant by it so that was the answer earlier.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
(Laughter) Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed may think of a better term than night-time economy.
Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed
God willing, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
We move to the next question from Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin, and this question is addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Dasar-Dasar Ekonomi dan Menteri Ekonomi, Perdagangan dan Industri
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and thank you also for the question raised by Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin regarding the measures or indicators for the impact of tourism promotion initiatives expected to be implemented.
The ministry measures the effectiveness of tourism promotion initiatives not only based on the number of visitors who come but through several Key Performance Indicators, KPI, which reflect the actual impact on the national economy and local business operators:
First, increasing international tourist arrivals. This data is monitored monthly for arrivals by air, land and sea. For the period January to June 2026, Negara Brunei Darussalam recorded nearly 400,000 visitor arrivals, an increase of 7.8 per cent compared to 370,000 in the same period in 2025. The most significant increase was recorded for arrivals by sea at 70 per cent, showing the growing potential of the cruise tourism segment;
Second, increased tourist spending, tourism receipts. The ministry’s main goal is to increase the economic value generated by each visitor. For the first six months of 2026, total tourist spending is estimated to have reached around BND150 million compared to BND140 million for the same period in 2025. This shows that increased tourism makes a direct contribution to the national economy;
Third, the performance of the tourism sector and related industries. The ministry also monitors the performance of subsectors such as hotels, restaurants and travel agents. Although the average hotel stay decreased from around 3 days to 2 days, hotel sales increased by 17 per cent from approximately BND17 million to BND20 million. This shows that tourism activity continues to generate economic value for the industry. In addition, the performance of sectors such as restaurants, hotels and travel agents is also monitored as an indicator of economic spillover to local enterprises, and
Fourth, the effectiveness of promotional investment or Return of Investment. The ministry constantly evaluates the effectiveness of each promotional investment based on data from marketing partners and digital tourism platforms.
For example, joint campaigns with Agoda, Ctrip and Expedia and Tripadvisor, these campaigns have successfully generated more than 52 million impressions and increased the country’s visibility in international markets by producing more than 1,800 room nights bookings as well as nearly 600 bookings comprising 63 per cent hotel bookings, 31 per cent flight bookings and 6 per cent tourism packages. This data enables the ministry to assess return on investment more effectively and identify markets that should be prioritised to ensure that every promotional expenditure has optimum impact.
That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. I would like to express my thanks for the question from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin. As I presented during the Budget Statement on 1 March 2025 and subsequently during the Policy Level Debate on 4 March 2025 during the Official Opening Ceremony session of the First Meeting of the 21st Session of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara in this noble House, as well as during previous muzakarah sessions with Your Honourable Members.
Darussalam Asset Sdn. Bhd. and the investment division through the Strategic Development Capital Fund or SDC continue to play an important role in supporting human capital development and providing employment opportunities for local citizens, particularly for government-linked companies or GLCs.
GLCs in Negara Brunei Darussalam are established under the Companies Act (Chapter 39), whereby they are not exempt from the requirement to comply with the regulations outlined under that act in ensuring strong and transparent governance. This is particularly so in terms of the preparation of financial statements and accounts, statutory filing, company auditing and also board governance.
The performance of GLCs should indeed not be assessed solely based on financial profit, but should also take into account their contribution to economic development, creation of employment opportunities, development of local talent as well as enhancement of national productivity. This approach is also in line with international practice where the performance of GLCs and government investment companies is measured based on broader economic and social impact.
In this regard, the Ministry of Finance through Darussalam Asset and the SDC fund ensures that GLCs have clear performance targets and are monitored continuously.
At the same time, apart from financial and operational performance, among the Key Performance Indicators or KPIs that are also given attention are the recruitment and composition of the local workforce, talent development and enhancement of employee competency, good corporate governance practices as well as long-term business sustainability.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Under the Darussalam Asset group of companies, to date the total number of employees has reached more than 9,000 people, of which approximately 86 per cent are locals.
The biggest contributors to local employment are Jerudong Park Medical Centre, Jerudong Park Holdings namely Empire Hotel and Unified National Network, UNN.
At the same time, only 14 per cent of the workforce consists of foreign workers, the majority of whom serve in the health and education sectors. Expatriate workers in the Darussalam Asset group of companies also provide opportunities for the transfer of knowledge and industrial expertise to the local workforce in order to meet international standards.
In terms of talent development, various development programmes are also implemented including leadership training, Board Member Development, professional training, continuous learning through the DArjah Learning Management System as well as initiatives such as the DPS Cadet Scholarship, JPMC Nursing Scholarship and the UNN Training Academy to build a sustainable talent pipeline.
Meanwhile, for GLCs with foreign investment involvement under the SDC fund, there are 3,222 employees of whom 52 per cent are locals, with the largest contributors to this employment being Hengyi Industries Sdn. Bhd., Brunei Fertilizer Industries Sdn. Bhd. and Brunei Methanol Company Sdn. Bhd.
For the provision of skilled workers in this field, Hengyi Industries has offered engineering scholarship programmes to 935 students. By the end of 2025, Hengyi had already achieved a local employment rate of more than 50 per cent, exceeding the rate agreed in the implementation agreement referred to above.
In addition, BFI places emphasis on the principle of career advancement for locals through several initiatives including offering opportunities to attend professional training and organisational restructuring that encourages locals to assume higher positions.
Meanwhile, BFI and BMC have achieved an increase in local workforce representation of 80 per cent for BFI and 95 per cent for BMC.
What kaola has conveyed above is only part of the contribution of Foreign Direct Investment towards human capital development efforts in Negara Brunei Darussalam.
In addition, FDI in other strategic sectors such as aquaculture, agriculture and technology also contributes to human capital development in Negara Brunei Darussalam.
That is all I can share. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam which is also directed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Kewangan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Thank you for the question from the Honourable Member Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam regarding overseas investment through property ownership in Makkah and Madinah.
For the information of Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, this same matter was previously raised during the Committee Level Debate session on 8 March 2023 during the First Meeting of the 19th Session of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
In principle, the relationship of Negara Brunei Darussalam with the Government of Saudi Arabia is founded upon faith, shared membership in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation or OIC, and the haj and umrah pilgrimage which strengthens the ties between the peoples of both countries. This relationship is a valuable and enduring foundation that does not depend solely on trade cycles.
In terms of investment, the Ministry of Finance adopts a disciplined approach in evaluating every investment opportunity. Any investment proposal, including those involving strategic assets in other countries with investment potential and not limited to Saudi Arabia, will be assessed comprehensively based on cost benefit analysis, value for money assessment, long-term return potential as well as related risks.
This approach ensures that every investment truly provides the best value to the country. In making such considerations, the Ministry of Finance also takes into account constantly changing market conditions including asset prices which may change according to current developments that cannot be predicted.
Therefore, the Ministry of Finance's approach is clear, namely to carry out investments at the right structure, right price and right time, while ensuring that the opportunity is truly worthwhile and aligned with the strategic interests of the country.
In examining investment opportunities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia specifically, the Ministry of Finance also takes into account the needs of Negara Brunei Darussalam, particularly those related to the haj and umrah pilgrimage, including strengthening the welfare of pilgrims, optimising accommodation costs and guaranteeing continuity of services in the long term.
These strategic needs will be one of the important considerations in evaluating any related investment opportunities in addition to returns and risks to the country. Ahli Yang Berhormat may be assured that the Government of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam will continue to strengthen strategic relations with the Government of Saudi Arabia and explore opportunities that bring mutual benefit.
In this regard, every investment decision will be made in a disciplined manner based on merit and careful consideration in order to ensure that the interests of the country are always safeguarded.
Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Thank you Your Honourable Members. Question time has ended and we now move on to the next business of the meeting.
Yang Mulia Jurutulis
Motion Number 4/2026 – Motion to Support Alignment Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Your Honourable Members. Yesterday afternoon, we had completed debating Motion Number 4/2026.
Now I will give the floor to Yang Berhormat who moved this Motion to make a summary. Please proceed Yang Berhormat Pehin.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh. Good morning and greetings of peace. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. (Selawat recited).
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members blessed by Allah whom I respect. First of all, allow me to record my highest appreciation and thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity given to me to summarise the debate presented by Your Honourable Members on the Motion that I proposed on the first day of this Second Meeting of the 22nd Session.
Alhamdulillah, the debate on the Motion to Support Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 has provided room for this august Council to examine openly and comprehensively how national development efforts can be mobilised in a more integrated manner. The diversity of views that has been presented shows that the spirit of consultation lies not only in the exchange of opinions but also in the readiness to find common ground, unify understanding and build consensus for the interest of the country and the people.
I record my highest appreciation to Your Honourable Members for the constructive views throughout this debate. All of them reflect our shared commitment and determination in strengthening national development efforts towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 including through the views and constructive suggestions conveyed in this august Council.
The debate covered various fields and perspectives, and the fact that we examined and found the links between those matters is itself part of that coordination. All of it points to the same demand, namely to ensure that the implementation of Wawasan Brunei 2035 is translated through actions that are more aligned, effective and produce results that can be felt by the people.
Your Honourable Members as a whole touched on various areas including economic development, investment and employment, food and energy security, digital transformation and human capital development. However, all these matters have one clear connection, namely that they often depend on and require policies, actions and cooperation from various parties to be driven in the same direction. It is in this sense that coordination becomes an important foundation to ensure that every effort does not move in isolation but complements one another towards the same national outcome.
This Council also welcomed the appointment of Coordinating Ministers by Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam.
This appointment reflects His Majesty's wisdom and concern regarding the need to strengthen coordination in addressing issues across ministries, namely cross-cutting, in a more integrated manner, especially when the country is facing global challenges that are increasingly complex, rapidly changing and interrelated.
In this regard, the debate has emphasised several strategic priorities that need to continue to be strengthened in efforts to enhance coordination towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035. Among them are:
First, clarity of leadership and accountability; second, efficiency in decision-making and action; third, focus on outcomes and impact; fourth, strengthening the business and investment ecosystem; fifth, the provision of quality jobs and the development of local talent; sixth, food and energy security; seventh, digital transformation; eighth, research, use and analysis of data in making quick and accurate decisions; ninth, a communication strategy that is more transparent, coordinated and responsive; and tenth, the active involvement of all levels of society including the private sector, educational institutions, non-governmental organisations, grassroots leaders and the people and residents.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members. It is clear from the debate that Negara Brunei Darussalam is not lacking in policies, strategies, blueprints and development initiatives. What needs to continue to be strengthened is the continuity between planning, implementation and achievement.
With the period towards the year 2035 becoming increasingly short, focus must be given to actions that are faster, more directed and produce clear impact that can be felt by the people and residents of this country.
Accordingly, the value of coordination should not be measured merely through the existence of structures, committees or the number of meetings. Its value lies in the ability to clarify direction, speed up decision-making and overcome implementation challenges while at the same time delivering real impact that can be felt by the people.
In this regard, the role of the Coordinating Ministers is as a mechanism to strengthen ongoing government coordination efforts. That role is not to take over the mandate and responsibilities of ministries or agencies but to help ensure that matters across sectors have clear leadership, organised follow-up actions and solutions agreed upon collectively.
To translate coordination into effective implementation, this Council has emphasised several key requirements:
First, every cross-ministerial priority must have clear outcomes, which require more meaningful measures of success. Towards that end, the identification of a lead for each priority, the roles of other stakeholders and a realistic implementation timeline are required;
Second, the performance indicators for each priority must focus on outcomes and impact, not merely on activities or ministry outputs on their own;
Third, challenges and bottlenecks need to be identified early together with corrective actions and clear resolution mechanisms; and
Fourth, government resources must be coordinated optimally to avoid duplication and ensure greater benefits to the country and the people.
In that connection, the debate on the Motion has put forward various constructive proposals to strengthen several of these priority areas, among them as follows:
First, in addressing unemployment, the provision of training and jobs needs to continue to be supported by the growth of economic sectors with potential as well as coordination between industry needs, educational institutions and manpower planning;
Second, social wellbeing needs to continue to be preserved including empowering aid recipients to become more self-reliant through skills enhancement and employability initiatives. At the same time, integrated efforts need to be intensified to address the factors that cause poverty and thereby effectively break the cycle of poverty;
Third, energy and infrastructure planning needs to be implemented with foresight through comprehensive coordination among stakeholders to ensure that future capacity needs, energy-use efficiency, source diversification and continuity of critical services such as electricity supply, water and support services continue to be assured;
Fourth, food security requires strengthening of the entire value chain including production, processing, logistics, markets and halal certification. This approach can strengthen supply assurance, increase national resilience and generate economic opportunities;
Fifth, digital transformation needs to be accelerated safely and systematically. Quality data research and forward-looking analysis need to continue to be utilised in policy formulation as well as in the early identification of risks;
Sixth, the business ecosystem needs to continue to be strengthened through reducing overlapping processes that are overly rigid or separate. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, MSMEs, require better access to financing, infrastructure, utilities, technology and professional manpower. The private sector is not merely a recipient of policy but an important development partner in generating economic growth, innovation and employment opportunities; and
Seventh, in the field of investment, success is not measured only based on the value of announced investments but also on the extent to which such investments are successfully realised, create quality jobs, assist the national fiscal position, involve local enterprises, facilitate knowledge transfer and contribute to the country's value chain and capacity.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
In this regard, the debate also stressed that coordination is not limited to the government alone. The whole of government approach needs to be strengthened through a whole of nation approach involving the private sector, educational and research institutions, professional bodies, Majlis Perundingan Mukim dan Kampung, Non-Governmental Organisations, communities in all four districts as well as the people and residents as a whole.
Accordingly, the involvement of all parties is important in nurturing a shared mindset, shared ownership of Wawasan Brunei 2035. Every party is not merely a beneficiary but also a partner in national development. In addition, progress and implementation challenges need to be communicated clearly and consistently.
In this regard, mechanisms such as a dashboard were also raised as among the approaches to strengthen information sharing. Overall, this debate can be summarised through five key messages:
First, the country needs to strengthen the implementation of the Vision's goals to achieve tangible results;
Second, every cross-ministerial priority requires alignment, coordination as well as leadership, clear and sincere direction, accountability and realistic and clear timelines;
Third, performance must be assessed based on outcomes and must provide real impact to the people and the country;
Fourth, the whole of government and whole of nation approaches must continue to be made the basis of coordination and strengthening; and
Fifth, implementation progress must be monitored, evaluated and communicated clearly, transparently and consistently, and be cultivated and strengthened in efforts to realise Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members. I conclude this summary of the debate on the Motion to Support Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 by recording my highest appreciation to all Your Honourable Members for their strong support for the Motion that has been tabled.
All the views given reflect our shared determination in upholding the titah and noble aspirations of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam to achieve Wawasan Brunei 2035 with trust and accountability.
All thoughtful and forward-looking views will continue to be examined and considered collectively by the Coordinating Ministers as a solid team with the spirit of unity, cooperation and complementarity through the whole of government and whole of nation approaches as well. These coordination efforts, God willing, will continue to be strengthened towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035.
Accordingly, we realise that the period towards 2035 is drawing closer and compels us to ensure that Wawasan Brunei 2035 continues to be embraced as a trust for the generation and a legacy for the future. What is planned must be translated into action and every action must bring tangible results for the wellbeing of the people and residents and the progress of the country.
God willing, through the wise, sovereign and far-sighted leadership of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, together with prayers to Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala that all our efforts may be blessed with His blessings and approval. May the unity of the people remain strong and the journey towards Wawasan Brunei 2035 always be made easy, and may the future of this beloved country continue to remain peaceful and prosperous.
Heavy cloth beautifully arranged,
Woven and embroidered as the heritage of the nation,
Strong coordination for the sake of the country,
Brunei Darussalam prosperous, peaceful and secure.
The teak tree grows spreading wide,
A place where the weaver birds nest,
Policies coordinated in loyal unity,
Wawasan Brunei 2035 is everyone's agenda.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
Finally, let us together offer prayers to Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala that Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, Raja and Ulul Amri, the pride and beloved of the people.
May Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Hajah Saleha binti Al-Marhum Pengiran Pemancha Pengiran Anak Haji Mohamed Alam together with members of the royal family continue to be bestowed with the blessing of long life, lasting health and remain firmly reigning over Negara Brunei Darussalam with full wisdom and blessings. Amin Ya Allah. Amin Ya Rabbal Alamin.
That is all conveyed, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Thank you Yang Berhormat Pehin. I am of the view that it is now appropriate for us to vote on this Motion. Your Honourable Members who agree that we approve this Motion please raise your hands.
(Your Honourable Members who agree raise their hands)
Thank you. It appears that all Your Honourable Members agree, therefore Motion Number 4/2026, the Motion to Support Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035, is approved.
(Gavel struck)
Yang Mulia Jurutulis
Motion Number 4/2026, the Motion to Support Coordination Towards Achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035 is approved. Motion Number 5/2026, the Motion on the Drafting of a Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council, which will be proposed by Yang Berhormat Pehin Datu Lailaraja Mejar Jeneral (B) Dato Paduka Seri Haji Awang Halbi bin Haji Mohd. Yussof, Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri Dan Menteri Pertahanan II.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II
Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. I beg to propose the Motion in my name in the order of business, namely a Motion concerning the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (prayer recited). Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members blessed by Allah, whom I respect all. First of all, allow me to record my highest appreciation and thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity given to me to propose this Motion.
I am pleased to recall and convey my highest gratitude for the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam in conjunction with the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 21st Session of the Legislative Council on 27 Syaaban 1446 corresponding to 26 February 2025, where His Majesty graciously commanded the need for the drafting of a Code of Ethics for Members of the Legislative Council, in which His Majesty titah, "...seeing the need for the drafting of a Code of Ethics for Members of the Council in carrying out their duties more effectively and with high integrity...", thus titah His Majesty.
His Majesty also titah that the integrity and credibility of every Member of the Council are measured by their respective ability to think openly, deliberate in an orderly manner and act proactively for the interest of the country, and that the changes graciously consented to by His Majesty, including the drafting of this Code of Ethics, will further strengthen the effectiveness of the Legislative Council proceedings and reflect the maturity and professionalism of Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat.
In upholding the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, the Legislative Council has drafted a draft Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council, with this drafting effort led by Yang Berhormat Pengiran Haji Isa bin Pengiran Haji Aliuddin, an Appointed Member.
The drafting of this Code of Ethics also took into account the views of key government agencies, namely the Attorney General’s Chambers and the Anti-Corruption Bureau, alongside examination of best practices of members of legislative bodies in other countries to ensure that this Code of Ethics is on par with international standards.
This drafting effort also took into account the input and views of the Members of the Legislative Council themselves to ensure that this Code of Ethics truly reflects the needs and realities of this noble House.
I am also pleased to recall and convey my highest gratitude for His Majesty’s titah in conjunction with the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council on 22 Ramadan 1447 corresponding to 12 March 2026.
His Majesty bestowed titah, "...the government will continue to strengthen a work culture that is clean, ethical, full of integrity and excellent governance across all sectors. This includes efforts to aggressively combat the symptoms of corruption and abuse of power, which will continue to be implemented by focusing on government and private sectors, especially those involving aspects of service and enforcement. The government will not compromise in combating corruption because if not curbed it will threaten national security...", thus titah His Majesty.
In this regard, I hope that this Code of Ethics and Conduct will not merely become an official document but will also be a catalyst for a lasting culture of integrity among Members of the Legislative Council, thereby further strengthening the people’s confidence and trust in this institution, while making Members of the Legislative Council role models of integrity for public officers and society in general, for the present and future generations.
With full respect and reverence, I also uphold His Majesty’s titah in conjunction with the celebration of His Majesty’s 80th birthday, 1448/2026, in which His Majesty stressed that the government will not compromise with any party trying to divide the unity of the people.
Likewise in Brunei, there is no place for corruption and dishonesty to occur in society, threatening the well-being and progress of our country. These titah of His Majesty are a trust and clear guidance to the whole machinery of government, including the Legislative Council as an institution bearing great responsibility in representing the voice of the people and supporting the implementation of government policy.
Indeed, public trust in the Legislative Council depends greatly on the integrity, accountability and transparency of its members.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat. It is appropriate to clarify that offences such as corruption and criminal breach of trust are already criminal offences under existing laws such as the Prevention of Corruption Act and the Penal Code and are dealt with by the courts through the proper prosecution process.
However, much of the erosion of public trust in a public institution often occurs at a more subtle level below the threshold of such crimes, such as the acceptance of undeclared gifts, conflicts of interest not managed transparently, and abuse of position for personal interest in unethical ways, even if not necessarily contrary to criminal law.
It is this Code of Ethics and Conduct that is specifically designed to address that space by setting standards of conduct higher than merely complying with the law, in order to ensure that every Member of the Legislative Council always maintains public confidence and trust.
Accordingly, I am of the view that the principles contained in this Code of Ethics will demonstrate the shared commitment of Members of the Legislative Council towards integrity and transparency in line with the noble aspiration of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam.
As has been circulated to Members, this Code of Ethics is drafted based on five main principles, namely loyalty, integrity, professionalism, transparency and mutual respect, which together form the basis of noble personal integrity to be emulated by every member. The scope of this Code of Ethics includes, among others:
First, Ethics and Conduct During Legislative Council Proceedings, Muzakarah, Dialogue Sessions, Working Visits and Meetings;
Second, Compliance with Laws and Regulations;
Third, Management of Conflicts of Interest including Declaration of Property and Assets as well as the Acceptance of Gifts or Souvenirs;
Fourth, Use and Protection of Confidential Information;
Fifth, Prudent Use of Public Resources; and
Sixth, Continuing Responsibilities After the End of Service as a Member of the Legislative Council.
This Code of Ethics also outlines enforcement mechanisms, complaint submission procedures, preliminary review and investigation, as well as an investigation board to deal with any violations.
In principle, I am of the view that this will provide great benefit and protection to the Members of the Legislative Council themselves, such as through the existence of a complete and full declaration register. Whatever Motion, decision or action is made by Members of the Legislative Council will not be tainted by any allegation of self-interest, favouritism or nepotism, and at the same time will serve as a continuous reminder to avoid any prohibited conduct.
I am also of the opinion that the provisions in this Code of Ethics are not intended to restrict the rights of Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat, but rather to ensure that the right to serve as a Member may be carried out in a more orderly and responsible environment.
In this matter, I would like to suggest that the Appointed Members continue to elaborate and further refine the aspects of the practical implementation of this Code of Ethics, given that it is important for these principles to be outlined clearly and transparently so as not to create room for misinterpretation among Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat or the public.
Further, from an international perspective, the drafting of this Code of Ethics is also in line with International Anti-Corruption Conventions such as The United Nations Convention Against Corruption, UNCAC, which Negara Brunei Darussalam itself signed on 11 December 2003 and ratified on 2 December 2008, and which is also practised in the legislative bodies of other countries such as the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Malaysia.
In the meantime, I would like to further emphasise my earlier view that the provisions in this Code of Ethics will help enliven the atmosphere of deliberation so that every sitting is conducted in an atmosphere of mutual respect, calmness and transparency that upholds the dignity of this institution.
In order to uphold the noble aspiration of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, I humbly and confidently urge all of us, Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat of the Legislative Council, to consider the principles contained in this Code of Ethics as a common foundation for preserving the credibility and sanctity of this institution.
I am also of the view that there will always be room to further refine this draft Code of Ethics so that it may be further strengthened from time to time through practical experience and the input of Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat themselves once these principles begin to be implemented.
Let us all together, the government and the Members of the Legislative Council, join hands in strengthening a culture of transparency, mutual respect and nurturing shared responsibility in line with the noble aspiration of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, to see a national administration that is clean, ethical and free from corruption in order to preserve the trust of the people and the dignity of the Legislative Council institution.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat. God willing, with the permission of Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala and under the wise, far-sighted and sovereign leadership of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, I hope this Code of Ethics and Conduct will become a foundation for further strengthening the integrity and professionalism of the Legislative Council for future generations.
Accordingly, I sincerely present a renewed pledge of unwavering loyalty before Kehadapan Majlis Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, while offering prayers, with the permission of Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala, that His Majesty will remain firmly reigning upon the throne, always blessed with health, strength, as well as guidance and divine direction in leading the country towards an administration that is clean, just and full of integrity.
That is all. And with Allah comes success and guidance, and peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Thank you Yang Berhormat. Your Honourable Members. I invite a Member to second this Motion.
Yang Berhormat Menteri Pembangunan
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat. I second the Motion that has been proposed. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Your Honourable Members. Motion Number 5/2026 has indeed been proposed and elaborated at length by Yang Berhormat Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri Dan Menteri Pertahanan II, and has also received support from Yang Berhormat Menteri Pembangunan.
Therefore now, as usual in accordance with the rules, I open the floor for debate on this Motion and give Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat who wish to also debate it a period of 15 minutes for each debate.
So now, according to the list before me, I invite Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof, to begin the debate. Please proceed Yang Berhormat.
Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (prayer recited), peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings.
With full respect and reverence, kaola would like to express my deepest thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving the opportunity to fully support the Motion on the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, which was proposed by Yang Berhormat Pehin Datu Laila Raja Mejar Jeneral (B) Dato Paduka Seri Haji Awang Halbi bin Haji Mohd. Yussof, Menteri Penyelaras bagi Keselamatan Negara, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II. For the introduction as well as the very comprehensive explanation just now, kaola would like to convey many thanks and congratulations to Yang Berhormat.
With full respect and reverence as well, kaola humbly expresses the highest gratitude and upholds the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, in conjunction with the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 21st Session of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara for the year 2025 on 26 February 2025 corresponding to 27 Syaaban 1446, regarding the need to draft a Code of Ethics for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara so that duties may be carried out more effectively and with high integrity.
His Majesty’s noble titah reflects His Majesty’s wisdom, authority and deep concern towards the institution of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara in ensuring that every Member of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara is full of integrity, responsibility and accountability, and possesses the characteristics and discipline of deliberation in full consensus so as to preserve the dignity of the institution of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, which will continue to gain the trust and confidence of the people and residents of Negara Brunei Darussalam.
On this occasion as well, kaola records congratulations and the highest appreciation to all those involved and the officers from the Department of Councils of State who contributed critical and constructive ideas, working with full dedication, diligence and perseverance until, alhamdulillah, they successfully produced the draft of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
Alhamdulillah, kaola is also of the view that the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara is not merely an administrative document, but also contains the features of the concept of syura which is the core of Islamic governance practised since the time of our Great Leader Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Kaola is confident that the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara will not merely serve as a guide to the behaviour of Ahli-Ahli Yang Berhormat, but is also a manifestation of strengthening the practice of syura that upholds deliberation, wisdom, trustworthiness, justice and accountability in every consideration and decision made for the interests of religion, monarch, nation and people.
In this regard, the spirit of syura should continue to be the foundation in expressing views, ideas and perspectives prudently and responsibly based on each person’s experience, expertise and knowledge.
Besides respecting differences of opinion through civilised deliberation, more importantly the practice of syura educates every member to always prioritise the public interest, preserve integrity, avoid any conflict of interest and fulfil the trust with full sincerity and responsibility.
From kaola’s observation, the Drafting of this Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara is a historical milestone taking a significant transformational step in our collective efforts to strengthen and uphold the institution of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
This also symbolises a strong commitment towards empowering conduct that is disciplined, with integrity, sincere, accountable, mutually respectful and professional among Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, Your Honourable Members.
On this occasion as well, kaola would like to raise a clause for attention and consideration to be updated. Paragraph 1.6 regarding the Applicability of the Code of Ethics and Conduct under the Code of Ethics and Governance Act for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, specifically the phrase after the end of the service period.
Kaola supports the comments of the Attorney General’s Chambers that what is meant in this paragraph should only be limited to Paragraph 10, Ethics and Responsibilities After the End of Service as a Member in Relation to Confidentiality.
This is because, in kaola’s opinion, after the end of the appointment period, a former Member no longer carries out official duties, powers and responsibilities as a Member of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
Nevertheless, a former Member of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara still remains subject to any laws and regulations in force in Negara Brunei Darussalam, just like the people and residents of this country.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
It is also noted that the drafting of this code takes into account the characteristics of best practice approaches adopted in several countries.
At the same time, kaola is also of the opinion that in efforts to strengthen and add value so that this Code of Ethics is more comprehensive, at the very least in accordance with parliamentary standards at the international level such as the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, it would be appropriate to examine, compare and consider their suitability, including from the results of a comparative study carried out by the King Prajadhipok Institute in Thailand in cooperation with the United Nation Development Programme Bangkok Regional in the year 2028 involving 11 countries including those in the ASEAN region, Asia, Europe and the United States, which outlined that a Code of Ethics for members of parliament is among the important components in strengthening the integrity system of a legislative institution.
In conclusion, kaola fully supports this Motion on the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara at the initial stage to be enforced on an appropriate date, subject to the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara being reviewed, reviewed and updated periodically from time to time.
However, it is very important that the Drafting of the Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara is grounded in and compatible with the national environment characterised by syura, an ethical work culture and noble values based on manners identified with Bruneian identity as well as the philosophy of Melayu Islam Beraja.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
On this occasion in this Council, kaola is also pleased to recall the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam in conjunction with the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 21st Session of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara in 2025 regarding the updating of procedures and work processes according to the Peraturan Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, namely the Standing Orders, for every Member to fully practise them.
In this matter, kaola would also be pleased to know how far the progress of updating these procedures and Standing Orders processes has gone in our joint efforts to uphold and fully carry out the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam as intended.
Finally, let us all pray to Allah Subahanahu Wata'ala and seek the intercession of our Great Leader Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, that Kehadapan Majlis Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam and Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Hajah Saleha binti Al-Marhum Pengiran Pemanca Pengiran Anak Haji Mohamed Alam as well as the royal family may always be granted guidance, direction, mercy, prolonged life and good health with lasting well-being under the protection of Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala, and that Negara Brunei Darussalam will remain in peace, prosperity and well-being. Amin Ya Rabbal Alamin.
That is all, and with Allah’s guidance and direction, peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
I now invite Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee.
Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee
Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola is pleased to welcome and support the introduction of the first Code of Ethics and Conduct for Ahli-Ahli Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
In kaola’s view, this code is an important step in strengthening the institution of the council, reflecting our collective commitment to uphold integrity, accountability and responsibility, as well as to preserve the dignity and authority of this noble Council.
As the first code of its kind, it will serve as a common guide for present and future Members.
In this regard, kaola would like to touch on several matters in terms of its implementation so that every Member truly understands the responsibilities set out and receives sufficient guidance to comply with them.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
As has been conveyed earlier, kaola would also like to raise Clause 1.6 which states that this code applies throughout a person’s service and after the end of his or her service as a Member of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
Kaola accepts the principle that certain responsibilities must continue to be observed even when a person is no longer a Member, particularly the obligation to preserve the confidentiality of information and confidential materials obtained throughout the performance of duties.
However, kaola seeks clarification regarding obligations after the end of service, whether the entire code will continue to apply or only certain obligations that are indeed continuing in nature, such as under Clause 10.
Given that some provisions only relate to a person while still serving as a Member, perhaps the scope of continuing obligations may be clarified through implementation guidelines.
Next, kaola fully accepts the obligation of Members and former Members to preserve the confidentiality of information obtained throughout the performance of duties.
At the same time, in order to help Members fulfil this obligation properly, information should be clearly identified at the time it is given.
Written materials that are confidential or restricted should instead be clearly marked. As for verbal information, its confidentiality status may be informed at the start of the briefing or discussion.
In that regard, perhaps the procedure relating to Clause 10.1 may clarify the role of the secretariat of ministries and agencies in marking confidential materials and informing any restrictions on their use.
Kaola also seeks clarification on whether the term confidential materials refers only to information classified under the Security Protection Manual or also includes a wider category of information.
In kaola’s view, confidentiality is a shared responsibility. Members are responsible for safeguarding the information received, while the party supplying it needs to explain its status and the procedures for handling it.
Next, Clause 9.2.1 requires Members to understand and comply with all regulations under the ICT Security Policy.
Kaola acknowledges that this obligation is very important, especially as more and more official information and communication are carried out through digital systems. However, in order to enable Members to comply with it, perhaps every Member may be given access to the relevant policy.
If the full policy cannot be distributed for security reasons, at the very least a compliance guide that is certified and sufficiently detailed can be provided. Ahli-Ahli may also be given a brief briefing on the handling of official information, the use of accounts and devices, as well as the procedures for reporting ICT security incidents.
In addition, a reference officer may perhaps be identified to enable Members to obtain advice when needed. The version of the policy currently in force should also be stated and any updates must be communicated to Members.
Kaola would also like to touch on the application of this code to Ministers as Official Members by Virtue of Office and to Appointed Members.
In principle, the same standards should apply to all Members. However, given that there are differences in functions and responsibilities, perhaps guidance may be provided on how some provisions of this code will be implemented for both categories of Members.
Ministers carry out executive functions in addition to their role as Members of the Council and may be subject to other rules relating to administration, finance, procurement and public service.
Appointed Members who are not ministers, on the other hand, are more focused on debate, conveying views and community aspirations, as well as providing recommendations. Their potential conflicts of interest may be more related to employment, business, professional activities or involvement in certain organisations.
Therefore, perhaps it may be further clarified which obligations apply to all Members, provisions relating to functions as Members of the Council, as well as the relationship of this code with other rules governing the executive functions of Cabinet Ministers.
This clarification is not intended to create different standards, but to ensure that this code is implemented clearly, consistently and without overlap or confusion.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. The matters kaola have raised are intended to help ensure that this code can be implemented clearly and effectively and become a strong framework in preserving the integrity and authority of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara. That is all that kaola wish to convey.
That is all. Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
I invite Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin.
Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.
Praise be to Allah, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving kaola the opportunity to participate in debating this Motion. Kaola records appreciation for the authority of the Council in preparing the draft Code of Ethics and Conduct for Members of the Legislative Council.
Kaola sees this effort as a positive and relevant step towards further increasing the people's confidence in the integrity of Your Honourable Members as well as strengthening the institution of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara in line with the aspirations of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam which emphasise trust, integrity, accountability and professionalism in the governance of the country including this Majlis Mesyuarat Negara.
Kaola is of the view that the role of a Member of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara is not merely a position or an honour, but is a heavy and great public trust. Kaola upholds that trust as a conveyor of the people's voice with full responsibility and at the same time as a strategic partner of the government to work together with integrity and professionalism hand in hand towards realising the nation's goals, God willing.
Kaola acknowledges that this code may be reviewed and amended from time to time. However, in its current form, as is, there are still several worrying issues that require explanation and adjustment, especially considering that this very important document was only received within quite a short period before being requested to be considered and adopted by the Council.
This Code will become the basis for the dos and don'ts that outline the conduct of Members in carrying out their trust throughout their term of service and even after the end of their term of service.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Due to time constraints, allow kaola to give kaola's personal views for their suitability to be assessed.
Kaola will only touch on a few issues in this Council and as an addition to the views and suggestions that have been and will be put forward by Your Honourable Members and other government agencies.
First, as has been stated, Clause 6 provides that the obligations under this code continue to be in force even though a Member has completed his term of service. The obligation to safeguard state confidential information should rightly continue even after service ends.
For Official Members by virtue of office who have access to government information and by the capacity of their office, that obligation is indeed proper to continue to be preserved.
However, kaola is of the view that the position of Appointed Members is different because the information received is usually obtained through consultation sessions, dialogue or official answers from government agencies to enable Members to understand an issue raised by the people.
Therefore, kaola is of the opinion that the scope of this code's provisions should not be imposed equally, applicable to all, without taking into account those differences in function and responsibility.
In addition, the scope of this provision is also far too broad because it seems as though all obligations of the Code of Ethics continue to bind former Members beyond their term for the whole of their lives.
In kaola's view, for Appointed Members, compliance with the code after the end of service should be limited to matters involving confidentiality or national security interests. For other obligations, if necessary, a reasonable period should suffice.
For example, until the end of one term after the Member leaves office. In this way, the interests of the nation continue to be preserved without imposing overly broad and heavy burdens on former Appointed Members.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Kaola also wishes to touch on Clause 6 regarding conflict of interest. In this matter, kaola is of the opinion that as long as a Member holds office, declaration, declaration conflict of interest should not be voluntary, voluntary, but should be required, namely mandatory, especially if the Member has business dealings or business transactions with the government and government agencies.
In upholding the principle of integrity and transparency, every Member should make a declaration periodically, periodically, through an annual statement and update any changes as soon as they occur without having to wait for it to be requested.
In this way, the responsibility and accountability to make a true and accurate declaration lies with the Yang Berhormat Member, namely true and accurate self-declaration.
In kaola's view, the declaration should also include interests related to spouses and dependent children that may give rise to allegations of conflict of interest.
This is even more so when there are interests or business dealings, business with the government and relevant government agencies including contracts, assets, buildings or houses rented to the government or government agencies whether within or outside the country.
If such a conflict exists, the Member must declare, declare, seek permission, approval, as appropriate or withdraw from any related consideration and the matter should be officially recorded.
As for the acceptance of gifts, kaola would also like to suggest that an appropriate financial threshold be set. This approach is not intended to make things difficult for Members but to protect the institution of Members and the institution of the Council and also to increase public confidence that every decision is free from personal or family conflict of interest.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Kaola also wishes to touch on Matter Four regarding the application of the code of ethics within and outside the country.
In kaola's view, Matter Four need not distinguish the conduct of Members when they are inside or outside the country. It would be clearer if it were stated in Matter One in the Introduction that wherever a Member carries out official duties, the same ethical principles should apply in order to avoid any confusion regarding the ethical standards that must be complied with.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Kaola recommends consideration of one clause in the Code of Ethics specifically regarding the Conduct of Yang Berhormat Members when dealing with or being approached by third parties, namely especially representatives of foreign governments, agencies or external organisations.
This includes accepting or soliciting, receiving and soliciting any government offer, sponsorship, gifts, gifts, services, goods and services, hospitality, contributions, donation or lobbying efforts aimed at advancing personal interests or the interests of certain parties that may give rise to allegations of conflict of interest or conflicts of interest.
Any such approach should properly be rejected, declared and reported, decline, declare and report and if it involves official matters, should first seek advice and obtain written approval, seek advice and obtain written approval, or appropriate action.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Next, the issue regarding confidentiality of information under Clause 7. Kaola fully agrees that information that has been classified, diclassified as secret must be safeguarded, not disclosed and not disputed for the sake of the nation.
However, kaola is of the view that there is a difference between confidential information and official information. Kaola is of the opinion that not all official information should be considered confidential information that cannot be disseminated or discussed.
On the contrary, official information received in carrying out a Member's trust should properly be used responsibly to provide explanations to the people without fear or assumptions about what the people's reaction to the information they receive may be.
As an Appointed Member, the people are also wise enough to make their own analysis based on the data, feedback they receive. Of course, their interpretation of a piece of official data may differ, like the saying the glass is half full or half empty, that is, with the same data, the optimistic see the glass as half full and those with a negative view seem always to see the glass as half empty.
This difference in interpretation does not necessarily mean that the Member has spread confusion or acted with bad intentions or that the people have misinterpreted it.
Kaola's concern is if the scope of preserving the confidentiality of all information is interpreted too broadly to the point that Members become too cautious and are worried about raising legitimate questions.
Thus, and do not dare provide explanations, feedback, to the people for fear that the statement will be misinterpreted and in the end the Member will become overzealously cautious, as though every statement made risks being considered a violation.
Whereas the purpose of the Code of Ethics is to build confidence in this institution, not to create a situation or condition in which Members feel afraid to carry out their trust. If certain information truly cannot be shared, then let it be clearly identified as secret or top secret information.
This brings kaola to the principle of collective responsibility under Matter 2.2, where this principle is important to preserve confidence in government institutions. However, it should not be interpreted so as to limit Members' space to put forward alternative views, avoid difficult and painful discussions or prevent legitimate scrutiny.
As an Appointed Member, if all Members merely repeat the same views, then the function of checks and balances which is the strength of this institution will be affected.
As an Appointed Member, among our trusts is to be the link between the people and the government therefore that role, I ask for time to continue, thank you.
(Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua signals by nodding in agreement)
As an Appointed Member, among our main trusts is to be the link between the people and the government and therefore that role should not be interpreted as contradicting Matter 7 or Matter 9.1.4 in this Code.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Actually there are still many other matters which in kaola's view deserve attention such as the Board of Inquiry mechanism and its membership, the use of social media, behaviour not yet specifically provided for in the code such as sexual harrassment, as well as aspects of protection for Yang Berhormat Members themselves. However, due to time constraints, kaola only touches on a few issues today as have been debated.
Kaola is of the opinion that this Code is still not ready to be accepted in its present form at this time, and because it involves complex matters and there are still many suggestions for modification and improvement that have been submitted and may yet be submitted. More so as the process of amendment, amendment after a Code is accepted is more complicated and time-consuming.
Therefore, kaola is of the view that it would be more proper and prudent if this Code were referred back to the relevant parties for further scrutiny and alignment before being tabled again to obtain the support of the Council.
Hopefully this Code of Ethics will in time become a document that not only preserves the dignity of the Majlis Mesyuarat Negara, but also strengthens the role of Yang Berhormat Members in serving for the interests of religion, nation and monarch. God willing.
O Allah, protect us from the trials of this world and the trials of the hereafter and be pleased with our efforts as worship that You bless, Amen Amen.
And peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.
Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua
Your Honourable Members, I am not trying to do anything by taking part in this discussion so far, but only wish to voice an opinion as, what is it called, a person who has an interest perhaps in the same matter.
Whatever document we issue, it will never reach a perfect document, we will never be able, as people say, satisfy all parties. So, we must make a, well, a consideration, returning to ourselves, what our true purpose and intention are in making this Code of Conduct.
So if we are sincere, I think Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala will certainly grant and protect us from fear behind the curtain, what is this called, our own shadow, so you can never get a perfect document, you get it from me, you can never get a perfect document, we will have to start somewhere.
So, this why, perhaps Pehin also earlier in his introduction stated that this is a step in the right direction and we will try to produce something that can be generally accepted and can be improved from time to time.
But nevertheless, the Members will consider it and I will give space to, God willing, all Members, whether on the left side or the right side to debate it and we will come to a view that we can accept, whereby this document later can be used not only for us who are here but also for those who follow after us. This is perhaps more important, the people who will follow after us.
I agree with what was stated by Yang Berhormat Menteri who proposed this Motion, that our intention is good, our intention is to uphold so that, what is this called, in the position of this Council that we uphold, it will have a high standing and we may uphold it as a Council comparable with other parliaments abroad.
And it may play its role according to the spirit and will of the Constitution of Negara Brunei Darussalam as it currently operates. So, that is the spirit.
So then, perhaps I will open this space again to the other Members and I am not trying to give weight to any one side, which I shouldn't be and I have no business to do it. Whatever the case, as a person who has the same interest as the other Members, that is the fact.
Since we still have another agenda, then I think it is enough for us to sit this morning and I propose that our meeting be adjourned first.
God willing, we will reconvene on Saturday, 8 August 2026, as usual starting from 9.30 in the morning.
That is all. With Allah's guidance and direction, peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings.
(Majlis Mesyuarat Negara adjourned)
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