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For Informational Purposes Only

DAY 4 MORNING

Reading Summary

📖 Reading time: 106 minutes
📊 Word count: 21,030 words

15TH MARCH 2026 MORNING​

(The meeting began at 9.30 a.m.)

Yang Mulia Jurutulis​

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. The First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council convenes today on its fourth day, Sunday, 25 Ramadan 1447 corresponding to 15 March 2026, and is preceded by the Doa Selamat.

DOA SELAMAT​

(The Doa Selamat was read by Yang Dimuliakan Begawan Pehin Khatib Dato Paduka Awang Haji Mustafa bin Haji Murat, Imam of Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque).

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Praise be to Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala because by His grace alone we are able to gather together this morning to convene for the fourth day of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council.

Blessings and peace be upon our great leader, Sayyidina Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wassalam, his family, his companions and his loyal and faithful followers until the end of time.

Your Honourable Members. We will begin today’s sitting with the next order of business.

Yang Mulia Jurutulis​

Time for Oral Answers to Questions.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Your Honourable Members. I now open the floor for question time for one hour. Before us now is the list of questions submitted. I begin with the first question from Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi, please proceed.

Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, kaola would like to seek permission to answer the questions together, namely beginning with question PL145 and PL132, both of which touch on the Maritime Industry.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Question 1, question 2?

Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi​

Yes.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Yes, please proceed.

Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi​

Thank you. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Greetings and good morning. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

First of all, thank you to Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof for the question raised regarding the expansion of Maritime Industry services. Kaola is pleased to begin by sharing several key projects aimed at expanding services at Muara Port and developing the country’s role as a provider of port services and transshipment trading posts including functions such as an entry port.

For information, among the matters to be mentioned have also been shared by Yang Berhormat Dato Seri Setia Dr. Awang Haji Mohd. Amin Liew bin Abdullah, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II when delivering the budget statement.

First is the Projek Pembesaran dan Pengubahsuaian Pelabuhan Muara, Muara Port Expansion and Renovation Project, which is being developed by Muara Port Company Sendirian Berhad. The new Muara Container Terminal is expected to be completed by the third quarter of 2027 and will double the port’s capacity from 220 thousand TEU to 500 thousand TEU per year. This also includes the construction of a 3.26-hectare Port Trade Zone within the new terminal, designed to facilitate import, production and export processes for businesses using the port, while at the same time increasing logistics efficiency and trade activities.

Next is the enhancement of port and cargo connectivity. For example, the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port container shipping route with Muara Port. Since the official launch of the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port to Muara Port container shipping route on 8 July 2023, this route has served as a foundation for strengthening maritime connectivity between Negara Brunei Darussalam and China.

The total throughput recorded for 2025 was 303 TEU. Although some shipments still require transit through intermediary ports following cargo volumes that are still developing, efforts to explore new cargo and business opportunities will continue to be carried out to support the viability of this route in the medium and long term.

Cargo and container handling at Muara Port has also continued to show positive development with the maiden calls of two international shipping companies, namely Shandong International Transportation Company and Warisan Shipping Line, which have expanded shipping service networks and enhanced the connectivity of Muara Port with key regional and international ports including China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore.

The introduction of new services including the Coastal Feeder service by Warisan Shipping Line is expected to support the smoothness of supply networks, improve the efficiency of cargo and container handling, and encourage the growth of the country’s trade and logistics activities, thereby strengthening Muara Port’s role as one of the competitive maritime hubs particularly for the BIMP-EAGA area.

In May 2024, Muara Port Company also successfully secured a tenant, Huahang Aluminium Sendirian Berhad, which is a subsidiary entity or joint venture partner with Guangxi Laibin Huahang Aluminium Company Limited to conduct aluminium processing operations at the MPC warehouse. This project, which is currently awaiting approval, is expected to process up to 1000 TEU of recycled aluminium per year for the first phase. Once approved, this project will support direct fortnightly calls between Muara and Guangzhou, thereby strengthening the shipping route as well as increasing port capacity supporting regional trade.

In line with that, Huahang Aluminium Sendirian Berhad has also established operational facilities including an Inland Container Depot at Muara Port under bonded warehouse licences. With an initial investment of around $10 million, it is also developing facilities as well as acquiring machinery and equipment. This investment is expected to further stimulate port activities and further increase cargo handling.

Meanwhile, the Maritime and Port Authority of Brunei Darussalam or Maritime and Port Authority Brunei

Darussalam also plays an important role in ensuring that Brunei’s maritime industry not only meets domestic needs but also takes advantage of opportunities to improve connectivity and regional economic development in line with the MPABD strategic plan Navigating 2030. With a focus on infrastructure advancement, workforce development and international cooperation, Negara Brunei Darussalam is in a strategic position to become one of the competitive maritime hubs within the BIMP-EAGA and ASEAN regional trade network.

In this regard, the establishment of ship-to-ship facilities and lay-up areas is being planned for the purpose of further increasing Negara Brunei Darussalam’s capability to become one of the regional maritime service centres. Ship-to-ship enables the transfer of cargo such as oil, gas or chemicals between vessels at sea. This reduces time and cost compared with berthing at port. Meanwhile, lay-up areas provide safe locations for vessels that are temporarily not operating such as during maintenance or market downturns, with facilities such as cleaning, repairs and fuel supply. This initiative will attract foreign investment, diversify the maritime economy and support enhanced logistics connectivity.

In addition, in terms of maritime business expansion and port attraction, MPABD is currently exploring and conducting preliminary assessments of several business opportunities related to maritime and port activities through the implementation of appropriate feasibility studies.

This initiative is subject to the outcome of the studies, commercial suitability, operational readiness and approval by the authorities, and includes among others free trade zones, cooperation with shipping companies, car depots, trailer management services as well as free trade facilitation through inland container depots.

MPABD also continues to foster links with shipping companies, where this initiative includes proposed incentive mechanisms to attract international shipping companies including the provision of empty container stations as well as port activities, container maintenance and repair. These studies are also being carried out, among them for the establishment of trailer management services by identifying infrastructure needs, digital systems and operational support to improve the efficiency of trailer movement, cargo management and logistics integration in port areas.

Finally, MPABD is also actively identifying the operational development of strategic routes in order to implement business linkage opportunities with destinations that can strengthen regional maritime connectivity.

Next, to answer the question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin, the strategic plan of the Maritime and Port Authority Brunei Darussalam, namely Navigating 2030, was launched on 11 December 2025 and is MPABD’s first long-term strategic plan. In brief, Navigating 2030 is based on five main pillars that will shape the future of our maritime sector.

First, maritime safety, security and sustainability. MPABD is committed to strengthening a modern regulatory framework so that it remains aligned with international standards under the growth of the International Maritime IMO.

Second, a viable maritime economy. MPABD’s goal is to drive the country’s economic diversification through the expansion of more comprehensive port and logistics services.

Third, a high-quality and future-proof workforce. MPABD will invest in the development of local talent to produce a skilled workforce capable of leading the industry in the future.

Fourth, future-focused innovation. This includes efforts to accelerate digital transformation as well as the adoption of green and clean energy technologies in our maritime operations; and

Fifth, regional maritime leadership. MPABD is determined to position Brunei Darussalam strategically as a respected leader in the regional maritime corridor.

All of this is fully aligned with Wawasan Brunei 2035, the Brunei Darussalam Economic Development Plan and supports the pillars contained in RKN12. Praise be to Allah, every initiative, project and programme to improve operational efficiency, economic growth and the generation of employment opportunities under the MPABD strategic plan will be implemented through MPABD’s own plans and budget without requiring the Government’s annual budget allocation and RKN allocation at this time.

To ensure that each of these projects and initiatives under the strategic plan can be translated into enhanced operational capability, economic growth and the creation of impactful employment opportunities, MPABD is implementing a systematic and structured governance framework and monitoring mechanism. This includes the preparation of MPABD’s annual corporate planning accompanied by its own annual budget allocation.

With each also providing five-year projections including revenue projections. In this regard, MPABD has allocated around BND30 million for the 2026 budget, of which 30 per cent is to finance non-routine CapEx and OpEx projects.

Each initiative is also supported by key revenue outcomes, key results and clear key performance indicators, KPIs, and is monitored through a Centralised Digital Dashboard system. Implementation performance is also discussed biweekly at management level and subsequently reported to the Board of Directors to ensure accountability, transparency and appropriate follow-up actions can be taken if required. God willing, this approach will ensure project implementation remains aligned with the national objectives under Wawasan Brunei 2035 and the development aspirations outlined in RKN12. In particular, in strengthening the maritime sector as a driver of sustainable, resilient and competitive economic growth at the regional level.

Towards that end and to conclude, this opportunity is also taken to remind the MPABD community to continue strengthening a work culture that is clean, ethical, full of integrity and excellent in governance as also titah by Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam during the Official Opening Ceremony of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session of the Legislative Council on Thursday, 12 March 2026. That is all kaola wish to share. Thank you Yang Berhormat Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Your Honourable Members, two questions have been answered by Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan dan Infokomunikasi, therefore we move to the third question, Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings, good morning and greetings.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

At the outset, kaola seek permission to combine the two questions raised by Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim regarding the status of planning to strengthen and improve the Civil Service Framework and the question raised by Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof regarding the status of implementation of the Jawatankuasa Transformasi Perkhidmatan Awam, JTPA, in spearheading public sector reform.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

So Pehin, question four... eh question three and question four. Please proceed.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. First of all, kaola would like to express my many thanks to Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim and Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof for the question.

For the information of Yang Berhormat-Yang Berhormat Pehin, in line with current needs, efforts to improve and reform the public service under the Civil Service Framework are basically still ongoing and being enhanced. At present, such efforts to improve the effectiveness and performance of the public service are coordinated through the Public Service Transformation Committee, JTPA, as the main platform in steering the direction and implementation of the transformation of the national public sector.

The themes under the Civil Service Framework remain relevant and aligned with the key areas of public service transformation, including emphasis on more seamless and personalised services, co-creation through a public approach, engagement with stakeholders, as well as the development and well-being of public service personnel who are future ready.

Regarding the implementation status of the Public Service Transformation Committee, the committee has established several focuses or focus areas, namely first, the need to view service delivery comprehensively based on the life cycle of the people and businesses. Second, to reassess the effectiveness of existing initiatives including the performance appraisal system and leadership development. Third, to identify the root causes of weaknesses in service delivery. Fourth, to improve regulations and work processes including accelerating digitalisation. And fifth, to strengthen the well-being and resilience of public officers.

At present, the JTPA secretariat is collecting data related to the current situation, namely the current state, to identify gaps, challenges and issues across agencies related to the key areas of public service transformation that kaola mentioned earlier. The next process is to analyse the findings and implement interventions based on priorities and impact on the public, including such matters as policy alignment across ministries, review of regulations, strengthening the service delivery system and driving digitalisation towards creating a public service ecosystem that is business-friendly and people-friendly.

In this matter, the Prime Minister's Office through the Management Services Department, MSD, supports the effort led by the Ministry of Finance and Economy through the Industry and Business Ecosystem Division, IBE, together with the Brunei Economic Development Board, BEDB, through the initiative of a review of existing work processes and subsequently proposing improvements towards producing simpler and more efficient end-to-end processes.

In that regard, several pro-business related services have been identified for review and subsequently to be improved to produce pro-business related service delivery that is easier, more efficient and customer-friendly, as well as contributing to the progress of transformation achievements in the public service. That is all that kaola can convey. Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

From there we move on to the fifth question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Luar Negeri II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Luar Negeri II​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola, I am thankful to Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin for this question. Before answering it, allow kaola, me to emphasise one matter that has been and continues to be encouraged for every Brunei citizen, citizen and permanent resident to register through the e-Register system, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This enables the ministry and the representative offices for the country concerned to contact them or family members in Brunei quickly in the event of an emergency or calamity.

Turning to the question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has several key actions to address any death of a citizen of Negara Brunei Darussalam abroad. The first action is identification and notification. Upon receiving information or a report of the death of a Bruneian abroad, the representative office in that country or the nearest one

will identify the individual concerned through travel documents such as a passport or identity card. After verification, the representative office will immediately and as quickly as possible inform the headquarters in Brunei, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs will then obtain further personal details, such as information on the next of kin in this country with the cooperation of the relevant agencies such as the Ministry of Home Affairs and subsequently contact the next of kin.

The second action is consular assistance and guidance. The Representative Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will provide consular advice and guidance to the family members regarding the procedure that must be followed and the requirements in the country concerned that must be complied with. This includes official documentation matters such as the death certificate, hospital or police reports as well as any legal requirements or regulations in the country concerned.

The representative office will also assist with the management of the deceased, including arrangements for repatriation of the remains to Brunei or burial arrangements in the country concerned, subject to the wishes of the family. Logistical support including permit arrangements, coordination with local authorities and airlines is also carried out by the Representative Office.

To facilitate communication, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Representative Offices provide communication channels such as hotline lines and consular email to enable family members to obtain the latest information regarding the matter. All management costs are borne by the family directly or through the insurance company from which the travel insurance was obtained.

Third, facilities for family members. In certain situations, it cannot be denied that the costs of arranging burial or sending the remains back to Brunei are very high if there is no travel insurance. In such matters or situations, the ministry may also facilitate advance payment arrangements, advance, subject to certain conditions, whereby the amount must be repaid to the government.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Those are the actions provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to assist any parties facing a calamity abroad.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Allow kaola, me also to add a little by taking this opportunity to inform this august Council and the public that following the current unrest taking place in the Middle East, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs through its Representative Offices in the region continuously monitors security developments from time to time, especially in ensuring the well-being of all citizens of Negara Brunei Darussalam registered with our Representative Offices in the region concerned.

In that regard, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs would like to emphasise the importance for citizens of Negara Brunei Darussalam in the affected countries, particularly those who have not yet registered with the Representative Offices of Negara Brunei Darussalam, to do so as soon as possible through the e-register on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website.

As kaola stated earlier, this registration will facilitate the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Representative Offices to promptly channel important information and contact citizens of Negara Brunei Darussalam should uncertain circumstances occur.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Before I conclude the explanation to this question, kaola, I would also like to take this opportunity to thank all our officers and staff at the country's representative offices in the Middle East Region who continuously provide service to Bruneians while they themselves are also facing uncertain circumstances. May Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala continue to protect them and all Bruneians in the region. That is all, Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

The sixth question is from Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Luar Negeri II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri Hal Ehwal Luar Negeri II​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, and thank you also to Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin for his question regarding developments in the implementation of the Brunei-Vietnam agreement and joint statement and how it is implemented in terms of governance structure. Negara Brunei Darussalam and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam continue to forge close and cordial friendship and bilateral cooperation in various important fields such as trade, energy, defence, agrifood and aquaculture.

The State Visit of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam last year opened a new chapter in the comprehensive partnership between the two countries. The visit also became a catalyst for the implementation of the Plan Of Actions 2023-2027, which serves as the main framework in strengthening bilateral cooperation in various sectors.

In terms of implementation developments, the state visit witnessed the signing of several MOUs, namely in the fields of maritime, fisheries as well as the establishment of a hotline for information exchange in addressing illegal fishing issues or illegal fishing. This cooperation is expected to contribute to the strengthening of strategic, sustainable cooperation beneficial to both countries.

In terms of governance structure, the implementation of this agreement and joint statement is monitored through the implementation of the Plan of Actions 2023-2027 as mentioned earlier, with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs acting as the main coordinator together with the relevant ministries and agencies according to their respective fields of cooperation. Therefore, a whole of government approach is very important in coordinating and realising national interests comprehensively.

The implementation of this cooperation also involves the participation of the private sector, for example energy sector cooperation involving Vietnamese companies such as Petrovietnam, Drilling and Well Services Corporation and Hai Duong Petroleum and Marine Corporation reflects the important role of the private sector in strengthening relations between the two countries. In terms of KPI and timeline, the implementation of this cooperation is guided by the targets outlined under the Plan of Action 2023 to 2027, including increased trade, increased bilateral trade value and strengthened cooperation in strategic sectors.

Praise be to Allah, both countries have successfully achieved the target of USD500 million in 2024, which is one year earlier than the original target set for 2025. This success shows positive developments in the economic relations of both countries and it is hoped that this will continue to be strengthened through cooperation that is being and will be implemented, including in the fields of energy, trade and maritime.

Overall, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will continue to monitor the developments in the implementation of this agreement and joint statement through close cooperation with the relevant agencies. The ministry will also be ready to provide support through the representative offices of Negara Brunei Darussalam abroad, especially in Viet Nam, to ensure that the agreed objectives of cooperation can be effectively realised. Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

The next question, Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings.

Kaola would first like to express thanks to Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin for the question regarding the achievements of economic cooperation between Negara Brunei Darussalam and Sabah and Sarawak.

For the information of Your Honourable Members, economic relations between Negara Brunei Darussalam and Sabah and Sarawak continue to grow, covering various fields such as trade and tourism. The strengthening of this bilateral relationship has, among others, been driven by the Annual Consultation of both governments or the Annual Leaders Consultation, which is the highest bilateral mechanism jointly chaired by Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam and Yang Amat Berhormat Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim, Prime Minister of Malaysia, and which serves as an important platform for both countries to assess the progress of existing cooperation and explore the potential for collaboration in new fields.

Apart from the Annual Leaders Consultation mechanism, the Sarawak Trade and Tourism Office in Brunei, STATOB, also plays a role as a strategic catalyst in strengthening bilateral relations and linking business people and local industry parties in Sarawak.

Alhamdulillah, in 2025 the total exports between Negara Brunei Darussalam and Sabah recorded BND1.95 million and imports totalled BND2.01 million. Meanwhile, total exports with Sarawak recorded BND18.26 million and total imports amounted to BND1.47 million. This data reflects the quality and competitiveness of local products in neighbouring markets.

The Ministry of Finance and Economy as well as agencies such as the Brunei Economic Development Board, BEDB, remain committed to strengthening cross-border economic cooperation with Sabah and Sarawak through a more strategic approach. Efforts are focused on strengthening value chains that can provide direct economic impact to the people and the country. Among others through:

First, strengthening MSME potential and market access. In this regard, a market exploratory visit to Kuching was carried out in February, consisting of 31 business representatives from 18 local companies from the food and beverage, agri-technology, ICT and technological solution sectors as well as mixed services. In addition, 10 local enterprises participated in the Expo Big Sabah Sale 2025 which took place from 31 October to 2 November 2025 in Kota Kinabalu. This participation was followed by a Hosted Buyer session in January, where we successfully connected local enterprises with buyers from Sabah. In addition to strengthening trade relations, this initiative is a strategic step to increase market access for Brunei local products to the Sabah market.

Second, strategic projects and sub-regional connectivity. To ensure sustainable economic growth, the ministry’s focus is also directed towards high-impact projects that provide mutual benefits, including the Sarawak Brunei Interconnection project which is expected to open opportunities for bilateral electricity power trade as well as enhance sub-regional energy security by providing a more stable and resilient source of supply.

Under the BIMP-EAGA platform, several initiatives have already been identified, among them the development of the West Economic Corridor involving Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak, aimed at enhancing connectivity, opening trade and investment opportunities and also supporting growth in the logistics, urban development and modern agriculture sectors. There is also the initiative to review the Memorandum of Understanding, MOU, in the transport sector to ensure that it remains relevant and can contribute to increased investment, trade and tourism cooperation in this sub-regional area.

In addition, several projects led by the local private sector have also been successfully implemented through the signing of MOUs between local enterprises and partner enterprises in Sabah and Sarawak. Among others, in the agribusiness and transport sectors.

That is all to share. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Next question, from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Md Salleh bin Haji Othman addressed to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings.

Kaola would first like to express thanks to Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Md. Salleh bin Haji Othman for the question regarding the efforts of the Prime Minister’s Office in ensuring that government digitalisation initiatives will directly contribute to achieving the targets of Wawasan Brunei 2035.

For the information of Your Honourable Members, the Digital Economy Council, now named the Digital Brunei Council, plays a role in providing direction and implementing digital initiatives in making Negara Brunei Darussalam a smart nation.

In line with the Digital Economy Masterplan 2025, the Prime Minister’s Office has prepared the Prime Minister’s Office Digital Transformation Plan 2021-2025 which aims to transform Government management by leveraging digital technology to improve performance, service delivery, improve efficiency and create more dynamic and responsive governance workflows in line with the country’s direction towards Wawasan Brunei 2035. The implementation of the Prime Minister’s Office Digital Transformation Plan 2021-2025 focuses on the following aspects. First, modernisation of Government service delivery. Second, system integration between agencies as well as data sharing. And third, enhancement of civil servants’ skills in the use of technology.

Examples of systems and initiatives that have been implemented include the strengthening of the Human Resources System, SSM, by the Public Service Department, JPA, to reinforce human resource management, as well as the care platform by the Management Services Department, MSD, to support the quality of service delivery according to community needs. To ensure that the Prime Minister’s Office digital transformation plan remains current and maintains focus on improving organisational operations, productivity and service delivery, it is also aligned with current technological progress and developments.

The Prime Minister’s Office through the Office of Information Technology and Innovation has held a strategic alignment workshop to formulate the next digital transformation plan for the 2026-2030 period with a focus on strengthening centralised and quality data management.

Enhancing the digital competency of civil servants, comprehensive service integration and exploring new technologies including Artificial Intelligence responsibly and ethically. The Prime Minister’s Office Digital Transformation Plan 2026-2030 will subsequently be aligned with the Digital Brunei Transformation Plan currently being prepared under the Digital Brunei Council.

That is all that kaola can convey. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Question from Yang Berhormat Pengiran Haji Isa bin Pengiran Haji Aliuddin to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Since question PL117 is related to question PL118 which was also raised by Yang Berhormat Pengiran Haji Isa bin Pengiran Haji Aliuddin regarding monetary policy, allow kaola to answer both questions at the same time, namely questions nine and ten today.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Nine and ten?

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Kaola. Sorry.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Please proceed.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and also to the Honourable Member for the questions raised.

The pegging of Negara Brunei Darussalam’s currency value to the Singapore Dollar is based on this country’s monetary policy framework which consists of two main components, namely the Currency Board Arrangement, CBA, and secondly the Currency Interchangeability Agreement, CIA, between Negara Brunei Darussalam and Singapore which has been in force since 12 June 1967.

This policy remains one of the important foundations in ensuring the country’s monetary stability. From a long-term perspective, the CBA and CIA policies remain relevant since their main objective is to maintain currency value stability and strengthen market confidence through the one-to-one exchange rate between the Brunei Dollar and the Singapore Dollar.

This agreement has provided a foundation of consistent stability, particularly for a small and open economy such as Negara Brunei Darussalam. This exchange rate stability also supports smooth bilateral trade and investment activities by reducing foreign exchange risk in cross-border transactions, especially with Singapore as a major trading partner. This agreement helps increase investor confidence and contributes to the country’s economic development.

In terms of domestic price stability, this country’s monetary policy has also helped maintain a low and stable inflation rate over the long term. On a pro rata basis, Negara Brunei Darussalam’s inflation rate is low and controlled, at below 1 per cent year-on-year for the period 1986 to 2025, and at the same time helps preserve consumers’ purchasing power and household well-being.

In addition, as an economy that imports a large portion of goods and services from foreign markets, the presence of currency stability and strength is an important factor in ensuring external payment capacity as well as reducing import cost pressures. This policy is further reinforced by subsidies and administrative price controls, which also help stabilise domestic prices.

This strategy further increases consumer confidence, strengthens economic resilience and helps ensure that the cost of essential goods including food can be controlled at a manageable and sustainable level for the well-being of the people.

Although there are differences in the structure and limits of economic competitiveness between the two countries, the implementation of the CBA and CIA has proven to function as a mechanism that supports the country’s monetary stability and economic resilience. This stability is an important foundation in efforts to diversify the economy and strengthen long-term growth. Overall, as long as this agreement continues to contribute to price stability, investor confidence and smooth trade, Negara Brunei Darussalam’s policy remains relevant in supporting long-term economic interests. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

The next question is from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin to Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings.

Kaola would first like to express thanks to Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin for the question regarding the Government’s efforts in mainstreaming gig jobs and part-time work including aspects of social protection, provision of digital platforms and affordable workspaces.

The trend of gig employment or the gig economy and part-time work is growing rapidly throughout the world and is no exception in Negara Brunei Darussalam. In line with the development of digital technology and the need for additional income, gig jobs and part-time work in this country are concentrated in delivery services or runner, small online businesses and digital freelance work, although still small compared to larger countries. The gig economy in this country is becoming increasingly important as a source of supplementary income, especially for youth. In line with this development, the Government is attentive in ensuring that this sector not only opens up part-time job opportunities but also provides protection and a conducive ecosystem for workers. The Government’s efforts in mainstreaming gig jobs and part-time work involve several policy initiatives through an approach based on the following three main aspects:

First, social protection policy to ensure workers’ welfare is not neglected. The Government introduced the Employment Order, Chapter 278, which protects workers’ rights including part-time workers by stipulating workers’ rights, employers’ responsibilities, conditions of employment and workers’ welfare, including ensuring that workers are protected from unduly low pay through the implementation of the employment order or minimum wage. In addition, to ensure workers’ well-being in retirement, the National Retirement Scheme or SPK has been introduced and made mandatory for all local workers in the formal sector including part-time workers. For gig workers, contributions to SPK are voluntary as practised in other countries.

Second, the provision of a National Digital Platform. JobCentre Brunei, Prime Minister’s Office provides matching services for part-time jobs through an online portal. In addition, various initiatives are also carried out by other agencies such as the youth hub which provides a platform to offer service opportunities that can be utilised by gig workers. At the same time, the Government continuously encourages the private sector as an important strategic partner to provide digital platforms for gig workers. Several platforms have been established in this country through a commercial approach such as the Dart and GoMamam platforms.

And third, Affordable Workspaces. A commercial approach has also been taken in the provision of affordable workspaces including shared workspaces or co-working spaces. In line with the aspiration to strengthen and empower the growth of the private sector, the Government appreciates the companies that have led the initiative in providing co-working spaces and will continue to encourage and support similar efforts.

That is all that kaola can convey. Thank you Yang Berhormat Pehin Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Next question.

Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin​

(Raising hand) Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, permission to make a clarification. Thank you Yang Di-Pertua.

May I seek clarification, when it is said introduced, whether local gig employment will be recognised as formal employment because by stating the qualification as formal employment, applications for bank loans can be assisted. Because currently, since it is informal employment, no bank wants to help provide loans to develop their business. Clarification requested.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and thank you for the question from Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin regarding gig workers as to whether they will be maintained as permanent staff. So, this is indeed encouraged subject to the respective employers. Thank you.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

The next question is from Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II.

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola would first like to express thanks to Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin for the question regarding the issue of strategic positions being held in an acting capacity for prolonged periods and the re-engagement of retirees on a contract basis.

For the information of Yang Berhormat, the effectiveness of succession planning as well as capacity development efforts are frequently discussed through the Public Service Department and the Public Service Commission. It is understood that among the factors contributing to the issue of prolonged acting appointments for positions in Division one are:

First, the qualification requirements to hold the acting position have not yet been met, including in terms of length of service, performance grade, professional accreditation and the required competencies, namely first, involvement in unresolved issues or audit screening. Second, a list of projects that are not strategic and not commensurate with the position to be held. Third, the process of restructuring ministerial organisations which affects existing positions and the planning and manpower requirements at each salary scale. And fourth, the absence of suitable candidates to fill the position, including through advertisement.

Second, in addressing the issue of filling positions in Division one, efforts have been undertaken through the updating of relevant regulations and conditions. Following this update, it has shown a positive effect whereby a total of 82 positions have been filled from October 2020 to December 2025.

Third, for officers acting in the said positions for a period of at least one year. Meanwhile, a total of 103 officers who previously could not be supported because they had not fulfilled the requirement of passing two working papers have now been considered for filling the relevant positions.

Fourth, as an additional effort, the Public Service Department and the Public Service Commission frequently hold bilateral meetings with the relevant ministries, including from the aspect of capability in preparing a list of strategic projects as well as other core requirements.

Fifth, in the related matter, the re-engagement of retirees on a contract basis is not that high in number and is subject to actual needs based on specific knowledge, competencies and experience to ensure continuity of the required duties.

The total number of contract officers, local and foreign, excluding those from public higher education institutions IPTA, is 652 persons. Of that total, only 56 persons are former local retirees filling Division 1 positions, which include experts and professionals such as in the medical field and senior officers such as Permanent Secretaries, Deputy Permanent Secretaries and Heads of Department.

In this matter, to ensure that the process of filling positions can be carried out in a planned manner and that the acting period for the said positions is not prolonged, each ministry and department must play an important role in submitting complete, strong and merit-based promotion recommendations for senior officers considered eligible to fill the relevant vacant positions. Ministries and departments also need to examine succession planning more holistically, at least 5 years before officers in those strategic positions retire.

That is all that kaola can convey Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, thank you.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Thank you Your Honourable Members. It appears that the time we allocated for Questions has ended, and so now we move on to the next Order of Business. Please proceed.

Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin​

(Raising hand) Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Just one clarification question Yang Berhormat, is there a time limit for acting in a position, because there are some who remain acting until they have already retired and are still acting?

Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Pertahanan II​

I think as has been explained, it is subject to the ministries in preparing this succession planning to avoid as mentioned by Yang Berhormat, and as far as possible under this new approach, this matter will be able to be overcome, God willing, thank you.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Thank you. Now we move on to the next Order of Business.

Yang Mulia Jurutulis​

Bills and Development Fund Resolution Motion. Policy Stage debate.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Your Honourable Members. On Saturday yesterday, Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II presented the budget statement for the Supply Bill (2026), 2026/2027 and the Development Fund Resolution Motion 2026/2027.

I will now open the floor for the policy stage debate beginning by inviting the Appointed Your Honourable Members. I wish to draw the attention of Your Honourable Members to the Rules of Procedure whereby debate at this stage must relate to the policy and issues contained in the budget statement. The time limit for each Appointed Honourable Member is 15 minutes per person, and now I would like to invite Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin.

Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Rosmawatty binti Haji Abdul Mumin​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. (Prayer recited).

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and greetings. Kaola would like to express my deepest thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity given to kaola to participate in debating the Supply Bill (2026), 2026/2027 for the Financial Year 2026/2027. Kaola would also like to thank Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II for the thorough and comprehensive presentation.

Alhamdulillah, kaola and certainly the other Your Honourable Members are grateful for the national budget allocation for the Financial Year 2026/2027 amounting to around BND6.3 billion, including a development allocation of BND480 million to support the implementation of national development projects.

However, the country is also expected to face an increase in the budget deficit. This is a situation that needs attention to ensure that national financial management continues to be implemented prudently and with discipline. Amid uncertain global economic conditions as well as geopolitical developments affecting world economic stability, careful fiscal management and efficient use of financial resources are becoming increasingly important.

Therefore, this budget should not be seen merely as an annual allocation, but as an important policy instrument in ensuring that the direction of national development continues to move in line with the aspirations of Wawasan Brunei 2035. However, a very encouraging development is the 18 additional Foreign Direct Investment, FDI projects with an investment value expected to create around 3,000 job opportunities. This allocation will certainly provide various benefits to the people as well as support national development efforts. Efforts to strengthen the national economy are not solely the responsibility of the government; they require the cooperation of all parties including the private sector and the whole population through a whole of nation approach.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Our country has prepared several main development frameworks such as the Manpower Blueprint, Social Blueprint and Economic Blueprint as guides for the nation’s economic and social development. However, at the same time, what is more important is not only formulating plans and strategies; more importantly, it is to ensure that every policy and initiative that has been planned can truly be implemented well and provide benefits that can be felt by the people. The people hope that each of these development plans will not merely become documents, but will be translated into better job opportunities, economic improvement and the well-being of society as a whole.

In this regard, it is important that each of these development plans and strategies be assessed regularly to see the extent of progress that has been achieved. This assessment is also important to identify matters that still require improvement so that national development efforts can continue to be strengthened for the benefit of the people and the country. Therefore, coordination between the national budget, the implementation of Rancangan Kemajuan Negara, RKN and the priorities of economic sectors needs to continue to be strengthened so that every allocation provided can yield optimum development returns.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola now turn to the building allocation under Rancangan Kemajuan Negara, RKN12. Kaola take note that there is a development allocation of around BND480 million for the said financial year covering hundreds of development projects.

When we examine the country’s financial position, the estimated national revenue also shows a lower trend compared to the previous year. This development reminds us that strengthening the foundations of the national economy as well as efforts to diversify sources of revenue are not an option but a necessity that must be intensified so that national development can continue to be supported sustainably.

Lessons from the implementation of RKN11 should also continue to be taken into account in the implementation of RKN12 so that the weaknesses identified previously can be improved and not repeated. Although under conditions of limited allocations but increasing public needs, kaola would like to stress that the aspect of project management needs to be given more serious attention. With the large number of development projects under the RKN, discipline in project management becomes a very important factor in ensuring that every project truly delivers results to the people.

In this matter, project monitoring mechanisms must be strengthened with a more systematic approach. First, project progress needs to be monitored regularly, for example every quarter, at the national level and not only at the ministry level. This approach is important so that the actual status of project implementation can be assessed comprehensively and any issues can be identified earlier.

Second, there needs to be an early warning system to detect early signs of project delays, cost increases or changes in the scope of implementation. With such a mechanism, corrective action can be taken more quickly before the problem becomes bigger and causes losses to the government. And third, if there are projects that are less viable or no longer provide optimum benefits, then it is important to reassess their priority. In a situation of limited resources, we need to be bold in realigning priorities so that the requested allocations can be diverted to projects that have a higher impact on the economy and the well-being of the people.

In this context, the RKN secretariat together with the public projects directly involved with development projects need to be strengthened, especially through strengthening project management skills, project management skill, so that coordination and monitoring of project implementation can be carried out more efficiently and systematically. Kaola stress this matter because this development allocation is not merely government expenditure, it is the nation’s investment and every project implemented must truly provide clear value and benefits to the people.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola would also like to touch on climate change where sustainability and energy transition are no longer peripheral issues, in fact they are increasingly becoming factors of economic competitiveness. Our country has its own advantages in this matter through its wealth of natural forests as well as a high commitment to environmental preservation. These natural assets not only contribute to climate change mitigation efforts but also have the potential to become the foundation of national economic development through nature-based solutions.

In this matter, kaola would like to see the country’s opportunity as a centre for climate change cooperation in this region utilised with greater focus. Not only as a reputation, but as a platform that gives rise to projects, investments, new jobs and technology transfer. My question is, what green economy projects are truly ready to be offered to investors? And what cross-agency coordination mechanisms are in place to ensure their implementation is swift and consistent? As has been titah by Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam regarding the country’s potential to play a role in climate change cooperation at the ASEAN level, this opportunity can be utilised to strengthen regional cooperation in research as well as sustainable economic development. In addition, the country’s stability, geographical position as well as the widespread use of English are also among the factors that can support efforts to attract international economic cooperation and investment.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

In ensuring the effectiveness of the implementation of national policy, the transformation of work culture in the public service is also a very important factor. A work culture that enhances productivity, accountability and integrity as well as achievement of results needs to continue to be strengthened so that every government policy can be implemented more effectively. At the same time, openness to receiving views and feedback from various parties including the public is also important in ensuring that the policies implemented truly benefit society.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Finally, kaola would like to touch on the social reality of the people. Economic strength is not only assessed by the rate of growth but by the extent to which the benefits of development are felt fairly. If the income gap widens, the Gini Coefficient, cost of living pressures increase and decent-income job opportunities are insufficient, then this will trigger a chained-effect, namely increased applications for assistance, household pressure and other social risks.

Kaola emphasise the importance of strengthening social protection including support for affected families, especially women and children. In the digital era, new threats such as online exploitation, misuse of technology and new forms of abuse require a more comprehensive approach in terms of legislation, enforcement, agency coordination as well as public awareness.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

In conclusion, kaola support this Supply Bill. At the same time, this support comes with a firm hope that every allocation will be used prudently, managed with integrity and implemented with a work culture that is truly results-oriented. God willing, through integrated efforts by the government, the private sector and all levels of the people, the country will continue to be able to move forward to realise Wawasan Brunei 2035 for a more prosperous and peaceful future, insya Allah. Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I invite Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed.

Yang Berhormat Awang Zainol bin Haji Mohamed​

Thank you, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Yang Berhormat Members of the Legislative Council whom kaola respect, Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and greetings.

First of all, kaola would like to record appreciation to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving kaola the opportunity as a district representative to also participate in debating the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 as well as the development fund resolution motion that has been proposed by Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II.

On this occasion as well, kaola would like to record appreciation to Yang Berhormat Dato Menteri for the very comprehensive budget presentation and for providing a clear picture regarding the direction of the country's development in the coming period.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, from the presentation by Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II, kaola notes that the budget for Financial Year 2026/2027 forms part of the fiscal planning for the final 5-year period towards Wawasan Brunei 2035 with the theme “Together Realising Wawasan Brunei 2035”. In kaola's view, this serves as an important reminder that the period we are going through now is a very critical period in determining the extent to which the goals of Wawasan Brunei 2035 can be realised. What was also clear from the presentation of the Supply Bill yesterday afternoon was that the Government continues to place emphasis on strengthening the country's economic foundations, enhancing the well-being of the people, as well as developing infrastructure and public services as the main drivers of national development.

As a district representative, kaola sees this approach as very important because national development will ultimately be measured not only through economic growth figures but also through the extent to which the people at the community level are able to enjoy the benefits of that development.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, in the presentation of the Supply Bill it was also stressed that efforts to diversify the country's economy will continue to be strengthened through strategic investment as well as the development of sectors that have the potential to generate sustainable economic growth.

In kaola's view, this effort is very significant because amid uncertain global economic conditions, the country needs to continue ensuring that its economic foundation remains strong and resilient. However, at the same time, these economic development efforts must also ensure that their benefits can be felt more widely by the people, including in settlement areas and districts throughout the country.

Kaola often hears the hopes of the community that national development should not only be focused on certain economic centres but should also provide opportunities for communities in various areas to participate in the country's economic activities. Apart from that, kaola also notes that this year's Supply Bill places emphasis on the importance of providing quality basic amenities and infrastructure as part of the effort to improve the well-being of the people. This is very important because basic amenities such as roads, clean water supply, energy and public facilities are among the main factors that support the well-being of the community.

As a district representative, kaola sees directly that such facilities play a major role in ensuring that the lives of communities in settlement areas can proceed more comfortably and orderly. In this regard, kaola notes that through development fund allocations, the Government has planned various development projects aimed at improving facilities for the people.

For example, the Projek Perumahan Negara Kampong Tanah Jambu Phase 7 currently being implemented will provide more opportunities for the people to own their own homes. In kaola's view, the provision of such housing is very important because housing is one of the basic needs that is highly significant in the lives of the people. With the opportunity to own their own homes, this not only provides comfort to families but also helps to form a more stable and harmonious community.

In addition, kaola also notes the construction of new mosques at RPN Kampung Rimba, RPN Kampong Lumut and RPN Kampung Lugu, which will provide more comfortable worship facilities for residents in those areas. For the local community, mosques not only function as places of worship and for the propagation of Syiar Islam, but also become centres of community activity that play an important role in strengthening bonds and community values.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, apart from projects related to the well-being of the community, kaola also notes that the presentation by Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II also mentioned several infrastructure projects aimed at supporting the country's economic development.

Among them is the flyover construction project at the Muara-Tutong Highway intersection in the Tanjung Kajar Industrial area. In kaola's view, projects like this are very important because good road infrastructure not only facilitates public movement but also plays a major role in supporting the growth of economic and industrial activities. At the same time, kaola also notes the project to upgrade the water supply system, including pipe replacements as well as improvements to water treatment plants to increase access to clean water supply. Facilities such as these are highly significant because clean water supply is among the basic necessities that directly affect the well-being of the community.

Overall, kaola sees that the Supply Bill as well as the development projects planned through the Development Fund demonstrate the Government's continued commitment to ensuring that national development continues moving forward. Kaola greatly hopes that the implementation of these development projects will continue to be carried out efficiently and orderly so that their benefits can be felt by the people within the appropriate period.

With continuous planning and the provision of better public facilities, kaola believes the people will be able to enjoy a more comfortable life while opening more opportunities for the community to participate in the country's economic development. Therefore, kaola supports the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 as well as the Development Fund Resolution Motion that has been proposed by the Ministry of Finance and Economy. That is all from kaola. Thank you for the time given to kaola.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I now invite Yang Berhormat Awang Lau How Teck.

Yang Berhormat Awang Lau How Teck​

Good morning and greetings Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members of the Legislative Council.

First of all, kaola would like to record appreciation to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving way to kaola to also take part in debating the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 as well as the Development Fund Resolution Motion that has been presented by Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II. Allow kaola also to convey the highest congratulations to Yang Berhormat Dato Menteri as well as all officers of the Ministry of Finance and Economy and for providing a clear picture regarding the country's economic position as well as the direction of development planned for the coming period.

In kaola's view, this budget presentation reflects the Government's continued efforts to ensure that the country's fiscal management is carried out prudently while continuing to stimulate economic growth through diversifying economic sectors, increasing productivity, as well as developing human capital that is competitive, sorry.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

In examining the Supply Bill presented, kaola sees that the main challenge we still need to address is how Government expenditure and allocations can produce a broader and more lasting economic impact for the country. Government expenditure indeed plays an important role in ensuring the continuity of national administration as well as providing services to the people. However, in the long term, the country's economic growth must also be strengthened through the development of the private sector as well as the development of a more dynamic domestic industry. In this regard, kaola sees that the food, agriculture and aquaculture sectors have increasingly significant potential to grow as one of the country's strategic economic sectors.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola notes through the presentation of the Development Fund Resolution Motion that several projects have been allocated provisions to strengthen the agriculture and aquaculture sectors. Among them are livestock industry development plans to generate output in the shrimp livestock industry phase four, as well as projects to develop aquaculture industry sites aimed at increasing domestic economic activity. In kaola's view, projects like these not only contribute to domestic food production but also have great potential to generate new economic opportunities for micro, small and medium enterprises in the food sector.

In addition, kaola also notes the Brunei Aquaculture Innovation Centre project, which will become a research and innovation centre to strengthen the development of the country's aquaculture industry. In kaola's view, the provision of research infrastructure such as this is very important to ensure that the country's food sector is able to grow in a more modern, productive and competitive manner.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

In the context of national economic development, the food sector is no longer seen only from the perspective of food security alone but is increasingly seen as having the potential to grow as a high-value economic industry. With the development of a more comprehensive value chain covering production, processing, logistics as well as marketing, this sector has the potential to grow as one of the economic sectors contributing to Brunei's economic diversification.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola notes that the government has also provided allocations to upgrade basic infrastructure such as projects to replace pipes as well as upgrade plants at sea, water, in order to improve the basis of clean water supply to the people as well as ensure infrastructure readiness to support industrial sites. Basic facilities such as these are very important in ensuring that the industrial sector and local enterprises can grow more smoothly and are able to attract more investment into this country.

In addition, kaola also notes infrastructure projects that support industrial activities including the construction of a flyover at the Muara-Tutong Highway intersection in the Tanjung Kajar industrial area aimed at strengthening the foundation of the industrial area as well as supporting industrial and local enterprise activities. In kaola's view, infrastructure development like this is highly significant because it not only facilitates economic activity but also contributes to increased logistics efficiency and the movement of goods.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Overall, kaola sees that the development projects planned through the Development Fund have great potential to support the country's economic growth as well as open more opportunities for the people to participate in economic activities. With strong coordination among ministries, the private sector as well as local entrepreneurs, kaola believes these efforts will be able to provide a wider economic spillover effect for the country.

In closing, kaola records appreciation to the Government for all efforts that have been carried out to ensure that the country's economic development continues to move progressively. Therefore, kaola supports the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 as well as the Development Fund Resolution Motion that has been presented.

That is all of kaola's views. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I invite Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin.

Yang Berhormat Dr. Awang Haji Mahali bin Haji Momin​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (prayer recited). Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members. Peace be upon you and good greetings.

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving kaola the opportunity to participate in this year's budget debate. Praise be to Allah, first of all kaola would like to record the highest appreciation to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II for the extensive, clear, well-arranged and comprehensive presentation of the Financial Year 2026/2027 Budget. The initiatives presented reflect the Government's continued commitment in strengthening the country's economy as well as driving the achievement of Wawasan Brunei 2035.

Kaola would also like to take this opportunity to congratulate Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II as well as all officers of the Ministry of Finance and Economy on the achievements that have been implemented thus far. Regarding the budget presentation the day before yesterday, kaola sincerely hopes that all the plans and initiatives highlighted will be implemented effectively, thereby further activating economic activities, especially micro, small and medium enterprises, opening more employment opportunities to local children, and improving the overall well-being of the people.

These efforts are also in line with this year's expenditure theme and for the next 5 years from 2026/2027 to 2030/2031, namely the theme “Together Achieving Wawasan 2035” or Together Achieving Wawasan 2035.

In that regard, kaola supports the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 that has been presented. Allow kaola first to touch on Foreign Direct Investment, FDI. We have witnessed positive developments in Foreign Direct Investment with 25 companies having begun operations, creating 4,000 job opportunities of which 48 per cent are filled by locals, as well as 18 FDI companies currently under implementation which are expected to generate another 3,000 job opportunities.

This achievement is something to be proud of and reflects the momentum in the country's economic transformation. However, although this is something to be proud of, the country is still facing a worrying fiscal deficit and this requires thorough scrutiny. Kaola takes note that this budget estimate places emphasis on a sustainable fiscal agenda through the implementation of the Fiscal Consolidation Program. This effort is very much welcomed because it not only aims to improve discipline in the management of the country's finances but also to improve governance, service delivery efficiency and strengthen the role of the private sector as a driver of economic growth.

Kaola also understands that the implementation of the first phase of this programme is not easy and requires time as well as a change in mindset in fiscal management. However, kaola is of the view that it is important to ensure that every initiative implemented truly contributes to that goal. Given that this change requires time as well as a shift in mindset, to what extent have efforts been taken to expedite the appropriate processes among government agencies so that fiscal discipline can be maintained continuously.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola would also like to give some attention to the corporatisation measures currently being implemented by the government, particularly the corporatisation of the Postal Services Department into Posbru Sdn. Bhd. and Print Plus Sdn. Bhd. Corporatisation is a productive measure to improve efficiency and generate income. However, its success needs to be measured through net profit, sustainability as well as dividend contributions to the government.

To what extent has this corporatisation contributed to or strengthened the country's fiscal position? Kaola is of the view that it is important that corporatisation not only involves structural change but also brings tangible returns to the country.

Kaola would also like to touch on the establishment of a joint shipping route with Shandong International Transportation Corporation as well as the role of Warisan Shipping Line, which is a strategic development. The reduction in sailing time from twelve days to seven days, and the increase in the volume of transhipment totalling 758 TEU in January 2026 alone compared with 1141 for the whole of 2025, reflect meaningful progress. Kaola believes that this initiative has the potential to strengthen trade flows, support the logistics industry and increase contributions to gross domestic product. At the same time, the aspect of sustainability capability is very important, so it is essential that strategic efforts such as this remain commercially viable and are able to provide long-term returns to the country.

Kaola also takes note that Projek Hengyi phase two is expected to be operational in 2029. This has the potential to open up new job opportunities for locals. In that regard, kaola proposes that preparations to train and develop the local workforce begin to be planned from now so that local children with the required qualifications can be ready to fill employment opportunities when this project begins operations.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Brunei halal certification is a strategic advantage of the country. Kaola believes that the Halal Brunei brand has credibility for Muslim consumers, especially the markets of Islamic countries, OIC. Going forward, how can we promote it as a premium brand for high value-added Brunei products. Kaola is of the opinion that more strategic promotion as well as alignment between halal standards and export policy will help translate quality assurance into sustainable export growth.

Regarding projects under the National Development Plan, the priority of development projects needs to be determined strategically so that their impact on the economy and the well-being of the people can be maximised. Looking at the number of projects still at the design stage, namely 91 projects, kaola would like to know how priority is being given to these infrastructure development projects being planned such as the construction of new buildings, school extensions, mosque construction as well as the upgrading of sports facilities, which are hoped to benefit the people and improve the quality of life of us all, God willing.

Kaola also sees the agricultural sector as one of the important economic diversification sectors in addition to contributing to food security and the stability of living costs. In this regard, the target to increase the country's rice self-sufficiency level from around 8 per cent to as much as 20 per cent by 2027 is a welcomed step. Allocations under the Department of Agriculture and Agrifood such as the paddy purchase scheme, seed provision as well as the enhancement of agricultural infrastructure and technology are hoped to strengthen the value chain of the country's food industry.

However, to ensure that this target can truly be achieved sustainably, kaola is of the view that continuous support through targeted incentive, modernisation of the agricultural sector, subsidies for agricultural operators, and efficient and transparent fertiliser distribution subsidies are also important to increase productivity and reduce dependence on imports.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola welcomes the government's efforts to continue giving attention to the preservation of the country's cultural, artistic and historical heritage because preserving the identity, values and heritage that shape the character of the nation is important so that they are not lost to time. At the same time, this culture and heritage are also important assets in strengthening the country's tourism sector because their uniqueness in terms of art can become an attraction for tourists as well as open economic opportunities for local communities.

In line with that, kaola would like to take note of the government's efforts to continue advancing the country's tourism industry through the upgrading and rehabilitation of national attractions and also strengthening the tourism promotion agenda through the use of a digital marketing agency as well as collaboration with social media influencer to raise the country's profile as a tourism destination.

However, are the tourism promotion efforts currently implemented already sufficient and aggressive enough to enhance the country's capability as a regional tourism destination, especially in competition with neighbouring countries which are also actively promoting their tourism sectors.

Digitalisation plays an important role in improving the efficiency and transparency of service delivery, thus enabling the public to enjoy services that are faster, safer and more comprehensive. In particular, from the aspect of security, the development of digital technology and Artificial Intelligence, AI, has challenges if not managed well, namely the potential for misuse to spread inaccurate or misleading information including false content that can give rise to slander and undermine public trust.

Although various efforts have been implemented to address this issue such as the publication of Guide on AI Governance and Ethics for Brunei Darussalam issued by the Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam, AITI. In kaola's view, the misuse of technology and the spread of unauthentic information remain a challenge that requires continuous attention. Therefore, it is important that the cybersecurity framework as well as fraud prevention mechanisms continue to be strengthened in order to safeguard its use.

Finally, this economic growth must be inclusive, sustainable and capable of reducing the pressure of daily living costs, and not only be seen through figures or statistics, but be felt in the daily lives of the people and provide assurance of well-being for future generations. With prudent fiscal management, integrated implementation and commitment to accountability and efficiency. God willing, we will continue to move forward towards the achievement of Wawasan Brunei 2035.

That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. And with Allah comes success and guidance, and peace be upon you and Allah's mercy and blessings.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I now invite Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof.

Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof​

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. (Prayer recited).

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

First of all, kaola is pleased to record my deepest thanks to Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity to participate in the debate on the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 and the Development Fund Estimates 2026/2027.

On this occasion, Kaola would also like to record my highest appreciation and congratulations to Yang Berhormat Dato Seri Setia Dr. Awang Haji Mohd. Amin Liew bin Abdullah, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II, the officers of the Ministry of Finance and Economy as well as the parties involved who have worked hard and, alhamdulillah, successfully produced the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027 and the Development Fund Estimates 2026/2027. Both budgets presented yesterday on Saturday, 24 Ramadan 1447 corresponding to 14 March 2026 are very clear, comprehensive, inclusive, more focused as a result of analysis and follow priorities directed towards realising Wawasan Brunei 2035.

Kaola fully supports both budgets that have been presented for Financial Year 2026/2027 themed “Together Realising Wawasan Brunei 2035” with BND6.3 billion for the 2026/2027 Budget allocation and BND480 million for the 2026/2027 Development allocation.

Kaola is of the view that the theme “Together Realising Wawasan Brunei 2035” for this 2026/2027 budget session is most appropriate to be made a more aggressive target in an integrated manner with full commitment, especially and more importantly in line with our shared responsibility to uphold and highly honour the noble aspiration of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar `Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan Yang Di-Pertuan, Negara Brunei Darussalam in conjunction with the Ceremonial Official Opening of the First Meeting of the 22nd Session.

Where among other things, His Majesty titah, wished to see more aggressive implementation action as well as resilience in formulating national development policies and strategies, particularly towards the goals of Wawasan Brunei 2035. From this, the challenge now is that there are only about 8 years left before reaching the culmination of Wawasan Brunei 2035.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

As we all know, in essence these two allocations are based on three main goals to achieve Wawasan Brunei 2035, namely, first, an Educated, Highly Skilled and Accomplished People. Second, High Quality of Life for the People and third, a Dynamic and Resilient Economy.

Indeed, kaola is also of the view that this budget presentation also focuses beyond the three blueprints, particularly the Economy Blueprint which relates to how, on a continuous basis, to mobilise, intensify and further expand the five main sectors that have been identified, namely oil and gas downstream, food, ICT, information and communication technology, services and tourism, which are the main pillars of the diversification of economic activities. The manifestation of value added in the downstream industry, the generation of even more employment opportunities, and at the same time boosting the country’s socioeconomic growth to be more resilient, dynamic, sustainable and durable.

Kaola also welcomes and indeed highly appreciates this allocation which prioritises the importance of guaranteeing the welfare and well-being of the people and residents of this country. It also continues projects with elements of development and progress under the National Development Plan as well as the operation of the government machinery which is hoped will continue to drive, act as facilitator and improve regulatory control according to priorities.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Alhamdulillah, we are grateful to Allah Subhanahu Wa ta'ala and congratulate the country on its various outstanding achievements not only at the regional level but also on the international stage in the fields of education, quality of health and life, and science technology.

This reflects that the country is not lacking in highly skilled and talented people who are able to compete on the international stage and at the same time raise the nation’s dignity.

What is hoped is that such success should best be utilised and subsequently absorbed as a paradigm shift and motivation for all levels of society, especially institutions of higher learning, to drive more creativity and innovation, especially in the field of high-technology applications, to contribute to the diversification, development and enhancement of new industries.

Kaola is also excited by the government’s successful efforts which have shown an increase in Foreign Direct Investment including through collaboration between local companies, especially GLCs, and multinational companies in the oil and gas downstream sector, maritime services and agri-food. For example, Polygel Intermediates (B) Sendirian Berhad, Projek Hengyi Fasa II, new chemical manufacturing based on the circular economy concept, Anson International Sendirian Berhad and NEXT Bahtera Maritime Sendirian Berhad in the shipping and maritime sector.

However, this country needs to continue efforts to further intensify, more aggressively, the attraction of more strategic foreign investment to empower and further enhance its capability in expanding the horizons of diversified economic activities while further strengthening the country’s fiscal position.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

In relation to innovation and research, kaola fully supports the initiative of emphasising and strengthening the importance of innovation and research as one of the government’s policies. Here, in kaola’s opinion, Negara Brunei Darussalam needs to be more far-sighted, more serious in prioritising R&D, in particular by further increasing the percentage allocated from national output, GDP.

This takes into account and learns from the best practices adopted by advanced and developed countries where, for example, R&D allocations reach an average of 3 to 5 per cent of GNP, GDP such as South Korea at 4.8 per cent, Japan 3.6 per cent, Germany 3.3 per cent and Belgium 3.43 per cent of total GDP because this has been proven to bring significant impact that is innovative, creative, high-tech, increases productivity, competitiveness and viability, and at the same time contributes to more dynamic economic growth.

It is noted that the allocation for the Council of Research and Advancement in Technology and Science - CREATES, research fund, is $30 million under the National Development Plan. This is something that kaola very much welcomes. However, to what extent is this large allocation being utilised optimally, especially whether the projects undertaken under CREATES have the potential to move from tier 1 academic education to a higher level, so as to be able to produce patents and innovation and subsequently be commercialised to generate value added products in diversified downstream industries and generate employment opportunities while also stimulating and further strengthening the country’s socioeconomic development.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Next, kaola would like to touch on the halal industry. According to current estimates, the value of the global industry is estimated to exceed USD 2 trillion to USD 3 trillion and has the potential to increase to nearly USD 7 billion by 2023. In this context, the food and beverage sector alone is estimated to be worth more than USD 1.267 trillion in 2024, alongside rapid developments in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and even Islamic tourism sectors.

This development indirectly makes the halal industry one of the economic sectors that is increasingly receiving attention and whose marketing is becoming more prominent not only among Islamic countries but also on the international stage.

In kaola’s view, with this rapid development, Brunei Darussalam must make the best possible use of the opportunity, especially since the country has comparative advantage and strength, namely the halal brand and Halal Brunei certification which are recognised and renowned internationally, particularly among Islamic countries.

The challenge is, what are the country’s strategic approaches and action plan framework to seize these opportunities in order to work in earnest to expand and elevate the halal industry, particularly halal products and the Brunei brand, to the international stage. This is one of our efforts to diversify the economy in line with the aspirations contained in the Brunei Economic Blueprint.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Next, kaola would like to draw attention to the perspective of empowering wakaf as one of the alternative Islamic social finance instruments that needs to be developed and expanded in scope, including the beneficial impact of its development and the enhancement of socialisation among the Islamic community in particular and the country in general.

What is understood is that the impact of wakaf not only promises rewards and becomes lasting charity, but also brings significant impact and wide benefits to society and the public as a whole. Wakaf also trains the soul to give charity, erodes greed and purifies wealth. The benefits and services of wakaf can together be made a lesson and reflection as in the holy verse of the Al-Quran, Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 261 (verse recited).

Its meaning is, the example of those who donate their wealth in the way of Allah is like a seed that grows and produces ears. In each ear there are 100 grains, and remember Allah multiplies the reward for whom He wills and Allah is vast in His bounty and all-knowing. More so, if the governance of wakaf asset management is managed effectively and efficiently based on syarak law, then insya Allah, it can generate positive economic return without burdening the government’s annual fiscal position.

In this matter, several countries that we can take as examples such as Turkiye, Malaysia and Singapore have moved forward by fully transforming, more innovatively, their wakaf management systems, making them an instrument to further strengthen social welfare and well-being as well as a complementary value added contributor to the country’s socioeconomic development. In conclusion, wakaf also plays a role in contributing to further strengthening the country’s fiscal position. May kaola continue a little more, pehin?

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Two minutes.

Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Johan Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Adanan bin Begawan Pehin Siraja Khatib Dato Seri Setia Haji Md. Yusof​

The role of auditing, especially that carried out by auditing agencies, particularly the Audit Department and Internal Audit in every agency, needs to be enhanced, further strengthened and made more effective in a more proactive, effective and systematic manner. More importantly, as independent and authoritative agencies entrusted to carry out check and balance in ensuring that financial regulations are complied with while identifying any form of corruption, misconduct, leakage and abuse of power.

This is aimed not only at compliance with governance of financial affairs in accordance with the provisions of the law, particularly financial regulations, but also that they are implemented prudently and based on the principle of value of money. An effective auditing system is the foundation of cultivating good governance that is full of integrity, ethical, accountable and performance-oriented. This will also be capable of increasing prestige, assurance and confidence, including attracting foreign investors in the country’s efforts to expand the financial and business sectors.

Finally, let us all pray to Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala, especially as we are at the end of this blessed month of Ramadan. Hopefully the budget that has been presented will be utilised in the best possible way towards more optimal objectives, particularly in practising and further enhancing the welfare, well-being and interests of the people and residents of this country, while also further strengthening the progress, development and finances of Negara Brunei Darussalam.

May whatever efforts we undertake with nawaitu for Allah ta’ala, Insya Allah, make Negara Brunei Darussalam a nation of Baldatun Tayyibatun Warabbun Ghafur. Amin Ya Rabbal Alamin.

And I end with a stanza of pantun for our shared reflection; Ramadan contains full wisdom, Educating the soul in the attitude of thrift, May the budget be managed with care and trustworthiness, For the prosperity of the nation and the well-being of the people.

That is all, Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta’ala wabarakatuh.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Your Honourable Members. I think it is appropriate now for us to take a break for fifteen minutes and we will resume this Meeting after that.

(The Council meeting adjourned briefly)

(The Council meeting resumed)

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Your Honourable Members. The Council now resumes sitting to continue the Debate. I now invite Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin.

Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin​

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings, and greetings.

Praise be to Allah, once again we are gathered to debate the national budget with a full sense of shared responsibility to ensure that the discussion we hold today, God willing, will be able to strengthen the future of the country as well as provide meaningful opportunities for the people.

In this budget discussion, kaola would like to convey views in a spirit of cooperation. Kaola recognises and acknowledges the various efforts that have been, are being and will be implemented by the Government to prepare an annual budget themed Bersama Menjayakan Wawasan Brunei 2035. May kaola offer views to explore how we can work together to further strengthen the impact of this budget, God willing.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Allow kaola first to touch on the aspirations of our youth from this budget. It is often heard that our youths are too selective in choosing jobs, however kaola’s conversations with many young people show a different picture.

Many of them are in fact striving to apply for various opportunities to look for work in the hope of obtaining any type of job, whether temporary gig work or opening a pop-up business. Not only to support themselves, but with the hope of contributing, repaying the kindness of parents who have sacrificed so much for them, so that they do not continue to be a burden. They also want to contribute meaningfully to family, society and country.

At the same time, we also see that many young people today are postponing marriage and forming new families. One factor that may contribute to this situation is economic uncertainty and instability in their employment. This can be seen through the gradual decline in the birth rate which, according to statistics from the Department of Economic Planning and Statistics, the number of registered births has declined from 6,500 births in 2020 to 5,360 births in 2024, which is a decrease of 1,139 infants.

With the most significant reduction occurring between 2023 and 2024 where it declined by 931 births. Feedback from several young couples states that the main reason is the state of the economy, thinking about whether they are able to provide their children with the quality of life that they themselves enjoyed while growing up.

If this phenomenon of declining infant birth rates continues, it has the potential to create challenges to the sustainability of the nation in the future, including from the aspect of generational continuity and national identity.

Kaola also notes the announcement of the Elaun Anak Damit as a replacement for infant pampers assistance, as this step is a wise approach because it can slightly assist young families and encourage them to plan finances for the needs of their children. However, the question is, to what extent is this initiative able to reduce the concerns of young couples starting or expanding their families? Therefore, the factors contributing to the phenomenon of declining infant birth rates must be closely examined so that more suitable measures can be considered.

Although the Government has introduced various initiatives to reduce the unemployment rate and progress has been achieved with a decline to 5 percent in 2025, this figure still shows a rather flat situation in recent years. In this matter, the prospect of 3,000 new jobs from 18 FDIs announced by Yang Berhormat Menteri yesterday brings encouraging news. No doubt our children nowadays are busy searching the internet where they will be able to browse to apply for the positions that will be advertised. However, this number of new jobs still cannot address the issues of underemployment and unemployment among them.

What larger transformative steps or state change can be introduced to accelerate job creation as well as increase labour force participation among youths and young people? A large proportion of those seeking employment are highly educated young people.

Kaola would also like to touch briefly on the reality of employment among youths at present, gig work and taking on various part-time jobs (multiple part time jobs) are increasingly becoming part of the reality of the job market. Therefore, perhaps the time has come to assess how this sector can be supported in a more structured manner. With structured support, I am of the opinion that the gig sector and part-time employment have the potential to grow as an alternative to more formal, protected and sustainable jobs in the future.

All this while, national policy has greatly encouraged youths to attain the highest possible education. The Government has invested heavily in providing access to education as well as opportunities for academic advancement. Individual success is often measured through the level of educational achievement.

However, today’s reality sees a younger generation with high educational attainment, some with Masters and some with Doctorate, who are ready and wish to contribute, but still face challenges in translating their academic qualifications into meaningful and sustainable employment opportunities. Perhaps this invites us to reassess, ah, whether the emphasis of our policy needs to gradually evolve.

From focusing solely on the attainment of academic qualifications, towards strengthening mechanisms that actively support long-term or short-term programmes to facilitate job creation as well as absorb the local workforce. Educational achievement will always remain a main pillar, however it is increasingly important to ensure that the focus of education is directly linked with economic opportunities and employment. Perhaps one indicator that should be assessed for the excellence of an educational institution is not only how many graduates there are, but how many graduates who pass obtain employment.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

In strengthening the economic foundations of the country, fiscal discipline as well as efficiency in the public sector are very important. Thus, the ministry’s effort in carrying out a physical consolidation programme is a commendable and important step and needs to be supported towards strengthening the country’s financial capability.

However, kaola is of the view that fiscal consolidation should not only be an effort to reduce costs or merely limit activities. This programme also requires a critical internal assessment of organisational structure as well as work processes in employment in order to simplify procedures, improve coordination between ministries and eliminate overlapping functions with the aim of eradicating the ping pong culture where people applying for assistance are often directed from one party to another without a clear solution.

More efficient processes, particularly faster approvals as well as easier, more tolerant and flexible procedures that can help facilitate the establishment of new businesses and stimulate economic activity, must be given attention. In addition, how can the success achieved so far continue to be strengthened, the lessons learned be institutionalised, and how can such learning be accelerated in its application to ensure continuous cultural change in careers and in the public sector.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola acknowledges and admires the ministry’s persistent and continuous efforts to attract foreign direct investment, which continues to play an important role in generating a new economy as well as job opportunities. However, we are also aware that from the stage of signing an investment agreement until an industrial facility is fully operational can take between 3 to 5 years.

This period actually provides an opportunity for us to prepare our local workforce. Our goal is not only to prepare Bruneians for entry level jobs, but we must also develop the competencies of working citizens needed to fill supervisory and mid-management positions and up to the board member level so that they have experience in the industries in which they serve.

In this matter, kaola would like to know how the ministry ensures that the development of technical competencies for local citizens is absorbed as one of the important components in FDI agreements from the outset. It must be included so as to enable placements for training abroad for our children to undergo industrial training together with investor companies.

In addition, in supporting foreign direct investment, to what extent does the ministry, in cooperation with academic institutions both government and private, plan to introduce new courses or programmes within the country that are aligned with industry needs, and how will the budget allocation ensure that these programmes are directly linked to FDI investments and produce measurable employment opportunities. Job creation requires investment and financing.

Although attracting foreign investment is important, it can also explore how domestic investment can be mobilised more effectively. In this regard, strengthening cooperation between the public sector and the private sector is very important in order to open up domestic sources of investment and stimulate the growth of local entrepreneurship.

In this context, while currently debating this year’s budget, kaola is of the view that perhaps the time has again come to explore structural initiatives that can strengthen economic diversification in line with Wawasan Brunei 2035, namely one initiative repeatedly raised in this chamber which has still not been implemented, namely the development of the national capital market including the establishment of a domestic stock exchange.

Kaola is of the view that a strong capital market can provide an alternative financing channel for local companies to grow and innovate while also strengthening the financial services sector as well as creating high-skilled employment opportunities not only in the financial field but also spin off generating jobs in the supported local industries. Of course this initiative requires a strong supporting ecosystem including companies that are ready to be listed, active investment participation as well as a robust governance framework.

But if developed strategically and in phases through cooperation between the Government, the private sector, financial institutions and banking, this capital market platform has the potential to unlock investment in key sectors within the country’s economic master blueprint.

Allow kaola to continue a little, time has passed. There is a little time.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

(Yang Di-Pertua signals two minutes with the hand as a sign of agreement).

Yang Berhormat Awang Haji Salleh Bostaman bin Haji Zainal Abidin​

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. We are also currently witnessing increasing geopolitical uncertainty at the global level. Disruptions in logistic and supply chain have implications for the country not only in trade costs but also in food security and sustainability as well as the energy market.

These developments remind us of the importance of strengthening domestic resilience including ensuring the security and availability of strategic supplies of energy and food, namely food and energy strategic stock, in order to maintain the sustainability of the country’s economic activities and the well-being of the people.

In this context, the country, although a crude oil exporter and we also import crude. Although the country earns revenue through oil exports at high prices, we also need to ensure that sufficient supply is available for downstream industrial operations in the country that depend on imported crude oil. Therefore, the balance between generating state revenue and supply security for domestic operations needs to be assessed carefully.

The issue of water supply disruption to several places caused by landslides reminds us how vulnerable we are to climate change and this also serves as a reminder of our preparedness with an emergency contingency plan to ensure our capability to restore critical services as quickly as possible.

Praise be to Allah, the budget that has been presented, although still at a deficit level, shows a continuous commitment towards national development and caring for the well-being of the people with close cooperation between ministry, the private sector and society as well as disciplined implementation and prudent, effective spending.

It is hoped that this effort will continue to strengthen the national economy as well as provide broader and better opportunities to the people. We hope that with the Government’s efforts continuing to be attentive to and ease the burden of the people, especially those less able to support their livelihood and constrained economically, assisted by government officers who administer with honesty, trustworthiness, efficiency and authority, with a people-centred spirit, the country will receive the mercy of Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala with the nation’s sustenance becoming more blessed, aamiin ya rabbal alamiin.

By placing trust in Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala in conjunction with this blessed month of Ramadhan, praying for the guidance and direction of Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala so that we all are protected from the trials of this world and the hereafter. Kaola supports the Supply Bill (2026), 2026/2027. O Allah, save our country. Peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. I apologise for the ending.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I now invite Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam.

Yang Berhormat Dayang Hajah Safiah binti Sheikh Haji Abd. Salam​

Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua. In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful, praise be to Allah (prayer recited) peace be upon you and greetings of peace.

At the outset kaola records the highest appreciation to Yang Berhormat Pehin Yang Di-Pertua for the opportunity for kaola to also debate the Supply Bill for the Financial Year 2026/2027. Kaola also congratulates Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan II for the presentation of a budget that is very comprehensive and far-sighted.

Yang Berhormat Yang Dipertua and Your Honourable Members.

Alhamdulillah, kaola is grateful for the abundance of sustenance bestowed by Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala upon our beloved country. The national budget for the Financial Year 2026/2027 amounting to BND6.3 billion including BND480 million allocated for development projects under RKN12 clearly shows the government’s continued commitment to ensuring the continuity of national development and the well-being of the people remain safeguarded despite facing various challenges in the global environment.

This year’s Budget theme “Together Realising Brunei Vision 2035” is supported by three new priorities that form the basis of the nation’s direction over the next five years, namely strengthening fiscal stability and financial governance; empowering the economy through transformation and innovation; and ensuring social sustainability and future development. These priorities are not only relevant and appropriate but also critical to ensure that Brunei continues to move forward with full confidence.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

While we welcome the amount of budget allocated, it is also important for us to examine, know and understand the country’s fiscal position for the previous financial year, namely in 2024/2025, which showed a significant deficit with revenue declining by 4.3 per cent and expenditure increasing by 2.2 per cent. Based on current estimates, the country is also expected to continue experiencing a deficit for this financial year. This situation requires us to manage expenditure prudently and with focus, strengthen integrity and accountability, and ensure that every dollar spent delivers clear outcomes to the people.

Efforts to strengthen the national economy are not the government’s responsibility alone, but require close cooperation from all parties in the government sector and the private sector as well as all the people and residents of this country. The government’s approach through subsidy review, corporatisation, public private partnership and modernisation of the revenue collection system is the right step. However, these approaches require transparent KPIs, periodic reports and consistent monitoring to ensure their success.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

The country already has a clear direction through three national blueprints, namely manpower, social and economy. However, with time growing shorter towards 2035, we cannot rely on planning alone. Our main focus now is to ensure implementation that truly produces a real impact on economic growth and national development to be enjoyed by the people at all levels. It is important for us to make critical assessments periodically on every strategy and action plan, identify implementation obstacles that contribute to delays or weaknesses, and realign priorities whenever necessary.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola welcomes the positive development of FDI companies that have operated and will operate in this country. With eighteen more new FDI projects expected to generate 3,000 job opportunities between 2026 and 2029 and also create various business opportunities for local enterprises.

This is good news and a great opportunity for local children seeking employment. However, to ensure that the benefits truly reach the people, kaola proposes that information on these upcoming new jobs be publicised earlier through official government platforms for public knowledge and early preparation. In addition, relevant skills training can also begin to be planned and opened to those interested. A road map for local workforce participation in FDI projects also needs to be prepared for reference.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

In relation to the implementation of development projects under the 12th National Development Plan involving 305 development projects, efficient project management is critical to ensure each project is implemented according to the planned schedule, cost and scope.

Therefore, it is important that periodic monitoring be carried out from time to time, with immediate early intervention action taken for projects showing signs of weakness or delay, and realignment of projects identified as no longer relevant to avoid wastage of government funds as well as manpower. Lessons from weaknesses in the implementation of previous projects must be assessed and used as guidance so that they will not recur.

Development allocation is a major form of investment by the government to transform the country to a better level so that it is recognised throughout the world as a country with highly educated and highly skilled people, a high quality of life and a dynamic and resilient economy.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

The current global economic development landscape shows that the issues of climate change, green economy sustainability aspects and energy transition play an important role in determining the competitiveness of an economy. Our country, rich in natural forest resources and committed to environmental preservation, is not only capable of contributing to climate change mitigation efforts but also has the potential to become a strategic asset in sustainable economic development and to open the way for Brunei to become an ASEAN climate change cooperation centre in line with the titah of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam on the matter. This opportunity should be seized and utilised to strengthen the sectors of research, innovation and investment in the green economy.

In addition, the country’s strengths in geographical position and national stability with adherence to religious values and local culture are also able to attract foreign investment, particularly in the fields of green economy, environmental research and sustainable development.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

The strength of a country’s economy is not measured solely through numbers and growth, but by the extent to which the people are able to enjoy the benefits of its development fairly and evenly. The Social Blueprint report records that although the country’s income level overall has increased, the Gini coefficient rate shows a widening inequality gap that affects the people’s quality of life.

At the same time, the lack of job opportunities with balanced income also puts pressure on the people’s cost of living. These pressures, if prolonged, will result in the risk of an increase in aid recipients and an increase in issues of family security and the risk of domestic violence.

Therefore, efforts to strengthen social protection as well as support for families, especially for women and children, must be prioritised. This is even more so in facing new challenges arising in tandem with technological development and changes in the social landscape. In today’s digital world, threats such as online exploitation, misuse of technology and cyberbullying are becoming more widespread through digital platforms, requiring a more holistic, cross-ministerial approach from legal, enforcement and public awareness aspects.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

It must be remembered that the success of this budget and all government policy planning depends on capable drivers or implementers within an excellent work culture. In this matter, once again kaola stresses the importance of public service transformation and work culture as the driving core of the government machinery in all government sectors including the private sector, by prioritising productivity, accountability, integrity and achievement of results.

The quality of being transparent and open to receiving views, criticism and feedback from all parties including the public is important to instil because the voice of the people is the true reflection of the effectiveness of the policies implemented.

In a developed country, the voice of the people will always be heard and become a reference in improving policies as well as the implementation of national development. The spirit of patriotism also needs to continue to be nurtured so that the people also play a role in the country’s economic development.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Kaola fully supports this budget and stresses here that every dollar of this allocation is a trust to those entrusted with managing it. Kaola is confident that the relevant parties will use this budget wisely to improve the well-being of society and advance the country in a better direction and thereafter together realise Wawasan Brunei 2035, God willing. A country that succeeds in carrying out this trust is a country that is able to provide benefits to all the people and residents of the country.

Therefore, by placing trust in Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala and followed by earnest effort as well as the cooperation of all parties, with the permission of Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala our country will continue to move forward to realise the aspirations of Wawasan Brunei 2035 for a future that is more blessed, prosperous and peaceful for all the people and residents of Negara Brunei Darussalam.

That is all. With Allah’s guidance and peace be upon you and Allah’s mercy and blessings. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I now invite Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim.

Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Setia Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Abd. Rahman bin Haji Ibrahim​

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (Prayer recited).

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members. Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh and greetings. Thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua for giving kaola the floor to debate this budget.

First of all, allow kaola to record the highest appreciation and congratulations to the Ministry of Finance and Economy and to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II on the presentation of the 2026/2027 Financial Year budget, which was very comprehensive, focused and continuous. This presentation and statement touched in detail on the achievements, direction and main priorities towards generating sustainable, dynamic and inclusive economic growth. Enhancing the well-being of the people as well as preserving the peace and prosperity of the country, especially in the effort to achieve the goals of Wawasan Brunei 2035.

Kaola would like to express syabas for the efforts of the Government of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam for being able to maintain positive overall GDP and national trade growth in 2025. Likewise, the new initiatives as titah by Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam such as maritime, the ecosystem to support the country's transhipment. The establishment of a Data Centre based on Artificial Intelligence, AI, and developments in ecotourism.

All of these efforts, insya Allah, will stimulate even more economic activities, open more job opportunities and increase the competitiveness of local businesses at the regional level. Although the unemployment level for residents aged 18 and above remains under control at a rate expected to rise to five per cent, we are also concerned about the increase in the youth unemployment rate in 2024 to 18.3 per cent compared with 16.8 per cent in the previous year.

Nevertheless, kaola still holds hope that if the initiatives presented yesterday are implemented as planned, they will have a wide impact in further improving the standard of living and well-being of the people of this country under the wise and visionary leadership of Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam, insya Allah.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola fully supports the 2026/2027 Budget theme, namely ‘Together Realising Wawasan Brunei 2035’, as it reflects the country's continued commitment towards achieving Wawasan Brunei 2035, which is based on the national philosophy of Melayu Islam Beraja. Likewise with the three focuses presented, namely strengthening fiscal stability and financial governance, empowering the economy through transformation and innovation, and ensuring social sustainability and future development.

Kaola is also of the view that this 2026/2027 budget should be seen as an enabler and catalyst towards achieving strategies that have broad, significant, long lasting and forward looking impact, particularly those that will further accelerate the transformation of the country's economic structure and landscape holistically. This of course calls for the integration of all stakeholders through a whole of nation approach in realising this aspiration.

Alongside government policies that are forward looking, the active involvement of GLCs and the effectiveness of institutional development, in kaola’s view the role of financial institutions is also important as a catalyst towards realising and driving this growth. This is not only in the form of providing access to business financing, but also in producing the talents and skills of entrepreneurs to support and create a more conducive and receptive business ecosystem. Towards that end, allow kaola to give a few views as part of kaola’s effort to support and uphold this government initiative.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Kaola notes that overall the amount allocated for the 2026/2027 Financial Year, namely BND6.3 billion, is almost the same as that provided last year. Likewise, the allocation of $480 million for RKN Ke-12. At the same time, the revenue projection appears to be estimated to decline to BND2.3 billion compared with the updated figure for 2025/2026. This reduction is indeed expected, considering that in the 2026/2027 Financial Year the national budget is still forecast to experience a deficit.

For that, kaola supports the government’s move to continue the growth friendly fiscal consolidation policy to balance the achievement of positive growth in this limited fiscal face. Kaola feels this is one of the main challenges that we need to address in an integrated manner, collectively, through the whole of nation approach because the government’s fiscal limitations are also one of the determinants of the country’s ability to implement broader development programmes in the future.

The fiscal possession outlook projection prepared by AMRO shows that the country will still face fiscal challenges in the near term. However, this will also depend on several risks such as uncertain, volatile, global oil prices, the growth rates of the country’s trading partners and production disruptions caused by unplanned shutdowns.

If closely observed from the budget proposal presented this year, the new infrastructure projects in RKN12 that are hoped to help stimulate the growth of the main clusters still appear to be largely in the early stages of implementation and are expected not yet to generate much of the intended multiplier effect in this financial year.

Likewise, domestic demand, domestic demand, and local consumption facilities, domestic consumption, are still at a low level to provide the expected spin-off effect due to constraints in domestic economic activity, compounded by currency outflows abroad and investment activity that has not yet been very prominent although there are positive signs that it is increasing. Towards that, kaola is of the opinion that the implementation of a sustainable fiscal agenda that emphasises more efficient, high-impact and outcome-oriented expenditure management is a proposal that is timely, especially to avoid spending on lower-priority matters.

At the same time, efforts towards making more effective the collection of revenue arrears amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars should also be given serious emphasis. Towards that, kaola welcomes the government’s efforts including strengthening the implementation of PPP, reviewing fiscal rule and improving programmes and performance budgeting, all of which, insya Allah, will further strengthen fiscal stability.

Likewise, initiatives to attract more new FDI. Kaola expresses congratulations on this success. However, kaola is of the opinion that although we have succeeded in bringing in these 43 new FDI, it is also appropriate for the effectiveness of the existing strategies to continue to be reviewed and refresh taking into account the rapidly changing global economic landscape so that they will be more resilient, effective and competitive on par with countries in this region.

For that, kaola welcomes any effort to review the policy strategies, regulatory support services, the effectiveness of the machinery in motion and improvements to national infrastructure in order to produce an integrated, aligned, coordinated and high-impact FDI strategy. In addition, information on these new FDI should be widely disseminated to the public and the business community so that local companies, especially PMKS, will be able to benefit as expected from involvement and collaboration with foreign investors.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

If we observe carefully, alhamdulillah our country does not lack the financial resources needed for investment capital. The country’s banking sector continues to be strong, with banking institutions being highly capitalised and having more than sufficient liquidity.

Only so far, just a small portion of domestic savings has been used to support the development and investment of the real sector in this country. This is indeed understood if there are no commercially viable projects in the country. However, lately there have already been several FDI that can be financed with these domestic savings.

In addition, in recent years there have been efforts by the country to establish a secondary market. For example, for domestic sukuk issuance which can become an investment instrument. And two years ago, we were also informed in this council that the government was actively establishing a stock exchange which would not only stimulate economic and investment activities in this country, but would also open more quality job opportunities for local children. Importantly, existing financial institutions need to strengthen governance and regulation to reduce risks from interconnected exposure, exposure, especially from activities related to offshore banking loans.

This takes into account the persistently challenging global geopolitical situation, including that brought by the currents of progress, information technology transformation and increasingly rapid digitalisation, cybersecurity, the changing energy landscape and the risks of new climate realities.

Likewise regarding issues related to institutional development. Kaola observes that the government from time to time continuously introduces improvements in policy and regulation. What needs to be further strengthened, however, is alignment, integration, transparency and governance, especially at the implementation level. An attitude of openness or responsiveness to constructive suggestions must become a main practice in creating a public service that is more dynamic, caring, innovative, people-oriented and business-friendly, blended with the Digital Transformation Plan 2030.

In kaola’s view, public feedback, especially from the business community, including on the challenges to business sustainability and operators’ cash flow, needs to be given attention, analysed and examined for feasibility. Several such inputs were also touched on by the IMF in the Article IV Consultation report, especially those related to improving the business environment to attract private sector involvement and structural, structure, challenges that limit efforts to attract FDI and PPP.

By further strengthening this institutional development, it will facilitate the business community in particular to overcome business sustainability challenges, which will empower and further encourage active private sector involvement towards achieving the goals of Wawasan 2035.

Hopefully, these initiatives will help further stimulate domestic economic activity, increase national income and at the same time provide even more quality job opportunities for local children in line with their respective education and qualifications. This is also hoped to reduce the income gap between the public and private sectors and at the same time, will be able to increase the purchasing power of the people and residents in general.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

That is all first from kaola’s views regarding the 2026/2027 budget. Kaola prays that the budget will achieve its objectives towards increasing the prosperity of the country as well as improving the lives and well-being of the people and residents today and in the future. Insya Allah.

Towards that, kaola fully supports this 2026/2027 Budget. May Allah Subhanahu Wata'ala ease and bless the efforts of the leadership, and may all of us as the people and residents be bestowed happiness, harmony and the mercy of Allah so that this country may continue as a negara zikir, always peaceful, prosperous and well, with the pleasure of Allah.

Finally, taking the good occasion of this blessed month of Ramadan, kaola takes the opportunity to pray that Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar ‘Ali Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi Waddien, Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan Negara Brunei Darussalam will always be safe, in good health, and be granted an immediate and lasting recovery.

It is prayed that His Majesty and the entire Royal Family will continue to be bestowed the blessing of long life, good health and blessings under the protection and care of Allah Subhanahu Wata’ala. That is all, wabillahi taufiq walhidayah wassalamualaikum warrahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Kaola seeks forgiveness, Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua, for taking one minute and twenty seconds. Thank you.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

I now invite Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee.

Yang Berhormat Dayang Chong Chin Yee​

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

Good afternoon and greetings. First of all, allow kaola to wish everyone a blessed fasting observance, and may all acts of worship in this month of Ramadan be accepted. Kaola would also like to record the highest appreciation and thanks to Yang Berhormat Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan dan Ekonomi II for the presentation of the Supply Bill for Financial Year 2026/2027, and also congratulate the relevant ministries for their efforts and achievements.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua and Your Honourable Members.

The world has not yet fully recovered from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, instead of moving towards stability, the global environment now appears to be entering another period of uncertainty influenced by rising geopolitical tensions, growing tendencies towards trade protectionism, as well as a shift towards unilateral approaches in international relations.

At the same time, countries continue to face various interconnected challenges. Among them are climate change and food security, pressure on energy, financial uncertainty, as well as widening social and economic gaps. These developments show that national resilience is being tested more frequently. In such circumstances, it is appropriate for us to consider several important questions.

How far are we, as a country, economy and society, prepared to face the uncertainties ahead? And how will these global changes affect our long-standing efforts towards economic diversification? These questions need to form the basis of decisions in determining the next steps.

In this regard, as emphasised during the Budget presentation the day before yesterday, the government must continue to act cautiously and strategically. The government records its appreciation for the emphasis given to fiscal sustainability, strengthening the revenue collection system, as well as the formulation of the Fiscal Consolidation Programme 2.0, which demonstrates a commitment to ensuring that government expenditure is implemented prudently and yields meaningful results for the national economy.

At the same time, we also need to remember that our country has previously demonstrated a high level of resilience. At the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, Brunei recorded among the lowest infection and death rates in the world. This success was achieved through a whole of nation approach, in which government agencies, the private sector and the public worked together with full discipline and unity.

This experience reminds us that the spirit of cooperation and shared responsibility already exists within our society. What we need to do now is to revive that spirit in facing the challenges ahead.

Several positive steps have also been taken. For example, the initiative to establish the Agri-Tech Food Zone Brunei-Singapore is a practical effort to strengthen food security while also supporting economic diversification efforts. By leveraging Brunei's strengths in terms of land availability as well as Singapore's expertise in agrotechnology, regulation and market connectivity, this collaboration has the potential to develop a stronger ecosystem in the food industry sector.

Likewise, efforts such as the corporatisation of several entities as well as targeted regulatory reforms demonstrate the readiness to implement practical measures to improve efficiency, strengthen competitiveness and support long-term economic resilience.

Next, kaola would like to touch on strategic planning and policy accountability. Many national development initiatives are guided by long-term development strategies supported by medium-term sectoral plans. This framework provides direction for national development priorities as well as public investment. However, in an increasingly uncertain global environment, it is important that these strategies are assessed and updated periodically to ensure that they remain relevant and effective.

In this matter, kaola would like to seek clarification on the mechanisms used to monitor the implementation of those strategic plans and to ensure that the allocations provided continue to produce measurable outcomes. How frequently are mid-term assessments carried out? What indicators are used to assess whether programmes are progressing as planned? If targets are not achieved, what processes enable policies and implementation priorities to be realigned?

In this context as well, kaola would like to draw attention to the tourism sector, which has been identified as one of the five priority sectors in the country's economic diversification efforts. This sector has the capacity to generate economic activity across various industries such as food and beverages, transport services, retail businesses, accommodation as well as the creative industries. Developments such as Borneo Eco-Resort, De' Patoi Restaurant and Abode Resort and Spa show increasing investment in the tourism sector. Therefore, a continuous flow of visitors is important to ensure that these facilities can operate sustainably and continue contributing to the country's tourism ecosystem.

In line with these developments, we are also beginning to see growth in the cruise tourism sector. Brunei is expected to receive more than double the number of cruise ship arrivals this year compared to the previous year, with an expected total of over 70,000 passengers. This is the highest number ever recorded and reflects growing international interest in Brunei as a tourism destination. These visits generate spending on transport, food and beverages, souvenirs as well as local experiences. At the same time, cruise ships also require supplies of food, beverages, fuel as well as various other necessities while in port.

Although this development is very encouraging, it also raises questions regarding our level of preparedness as a tourism destination. Without sufficient preparation, there is a risk that this increase in tourist numbers may not be fully leveraged for the economy or for a positive visitor experience. In this regard, are there plans to further develop cruise tourism.

Further, how is coordination among agencies being carried out to ensure that transport services, payment facilities, tour operators as well as visitor services are ready to receive these arrivals effectively, and what strategies are planned to encourage cruise passengers to return as longer-staying tourists in the future. Cruise tourism offers our country an opportunity to introduce Brunei to thousands of visitors at one time. If planned well, it can become a gateway to broader tourism growth.

Finally, economic diversification efforts require a clear strategy, coordinated implementation as well as continuous commitment. In continuing our journey towards Wawasan Brunei 2035. The question is not whether change will happen, change is something certain. The real question is whether we are preparing our economy, businesses and people in advance so that such change can be translated into opportunity. Therefore, the policies and investments that we discuss in this noble Council are important in continuing to strengthen national economic resilience as well as contributing to our shared aspiration to jointly realise Wawasan Brunei 2035.

That is all, thank you Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua.

Yang Berhormat Yang Di-Pertua​

Thank you Your Honourable Members. Alhamdulillah. We have now heard the policy-level debate. I think it is sufficient for today for us to sit, and I propose that our meeting be adjourned.

Insya Allah, we will reconvene tomorrow, Monday, 16 March 2026, as usual beginning at 9.30 in the morning.

That is all, Wabillahi taufik walhidayah wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi ta'ala wabarakatuh.

(Meeting adjourned)

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